蒿甲醚预防抗洪抢险人群感染血吸虫病的观察

中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 1997, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (3): 2-137.

蒿甲醚预防抗洪抢险人群感染血吸虫病的观察

宋宇1,肖树华2,吴伟1,张绍基1,谢慧群1,许雪萍1,胡新勇3,崔庆4,陈名刚2,郑江2

1　江西省寄生虫病研究所　南昌　3300462　中国预防医学科学院寄生虫病研究所　上海　2000253　江西省政府防汛总指挥部办公室　南昌　3300084　江西省军区卫生处　南昌　330006

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1997-06-30 发布日期:1997-06-30

THE PREVENTIVE EFFECT OF ARTEMETHER IN PROTECTION OF PEOPLE FROM SCHISTOSOME INFECTION DURING FIGHTING AGAINST FLOOD

Song Yu1, Xiao Shuhua2, Wu Wei1, Zhang Shaoji1, Xie Huiqun1, Xu Xueping1, Hu Xinyong3, Cui Qing4, Chen Minggang2, Zhen Jiang2

1　Jiangxi Institute of Parasitic diseases. Nanchang 3300462　Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine. Shanghai 2000253　Jiangxi Provincial Headquarters for Fighting Against Flood. Nanchang 3300084　Health Department of Army Force in Jiangxi Prov ince. Nanchang 330006

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1997-06-30 Published:1997-06-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 观察鄱阳湖血吸虫病流行区抗洪抢险人群用蒿甲醚口服预防血吸虫感染的效果。方法: 1996 年7 月中旬至8 月中旬, 鄱阳湖因暴雨水位提高, 我们选择发生险情的赭堤和浆汤堤为试点, 在参加抗洪抢险人员上堤后48 h 内, 用间接血凝试验、酶联免疫吸附试验和检测循环抗原法进行筛查, 全部阴性者随机分为蒿甲醚组和对照组。蒿甲醚组人群于接触疫水11- 15 d 内服1 剂蒿甲醚6 mg/kg, 以后持续接触疫水, 间隔15 d 再服1 剂, 停止接触疫水后7- 15 d 则继服1次。对照组于相同时间内服安慰剂(淀粉) 6 mg/kg。两组人群于末次服药后40- 50 d 作粪检, 考核预防效果。结果: 在赭堤试点中, 人群接触疫水约30 d, 蒿甲醚组完成3 次服药和粪检的99 例, 血吸虫卵阳性者4 例, 无急性血吸虫病发生, 对照组粪检110 例, 虫卵阳性者44 例, 发生急性血吸虫病者29 例。在浆汤试点中, 人群接触疫水1 d, 蒿甲醚组完成2 次服药和粪检的103 例, 无虫卵阳性者, 对照组粪检102 例, 虫卵阳性4 例。未见蒿甲醚有何不良反应。结论: 在鄱阳湖血吸虫病流行区, 蒿甲醚对抗洪抢险人群有很好的预防血吸虫病的效果。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 抗洪水, 预防, 蒿甲醚

Abstract:

AIM: To study the preventive effect of artemether in protection of the people from schistosome infection during fighting against flood in schistosomiasis endemic area of Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Province. METHODS: From the second ten-day period of July to the same period of August, the water level in Poyang Lake raised up due to the torrential rain and 2 embankments, i. e., Zhedi and Jiangtongdi appeared in dangerous situation were selected as the pilots. Sera from the individuals who arrived in the pilot to fight against flood with in 48 h were examined by indirect hemagglutination test (IHA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and McAb-ELISA. The individuals who showed negative in the 3 tests were then selected as the study subjects and allocated randomly to the artemether and the control groups. The first dose of artemether given to the individuals contacted with the infested water with in 11-15 days was 6 mg/kg. If the individual continually contacted with the infested water, the same dose of the drug was given once every 15 days. After the individuals withdrew from the pilot, one more dose of artemether was administered 7-15 days later. Placebo (starch) was given to the individuals in the control group at the same period as in the artemether group. Stool examination was made in the individuals of the 2 groups 40-50 days after last medication for evaluation of the preventive effect of artemether. RESULTS: In Zhedi pilot, the individuals fought against flood for about 1 month. In the artemether group, 99 individuals received 3 doses of the drug were completed the stool examination with egg-positive rate of 4% and no case of acute schistosomiasis was seen. In the control group, 110 people were completed the observation, and 44 of them showed egg-positive with an infection rate of 40%. Meantime, 29 cases were identified as acute schistosomiasis. In Jiangtongdi, the individuals contacted with the infested water for only about 4 h. But in the control group 4 out of 102 individuals showed egg-positive, while in the artemether group 103 people received 2 doses of the drug resulted in none of schistosome infection. No apparent side effect was seen in the people treated with artemether. CONCLUSION: In schistosomiasis endemic area of Poyang Lake, oral artemether given to the people who went to fight against flood showed a promising effect in controlling the acute schistosomiasis and reducing the infection rate.

Key words: schistosomiasis, fighting against flood, prevention, artemether

宋宇;肖树华;吴伟;张绍基;谢慧群;许雪萍;胡新勇;崔庆;陈名刚;郑江. 蒿甲醚预防抗洪抢险人群感染血吸虫病的观察[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 1997, 15(3): 2-137.

SongYu;XiaoShuhua;WuWei;ZhangShaoji;XieHuiqun;XuXueping;HuXinyong;CuiQing;ChenMinggang;ZhenJiang. THE PREVENTIVE EFFECT OF ARTEMETHER IN PROTECTION OF PEOPLE FROM SCHISTOSOME INFECTION DURING FIGHTING AGAINST FLOOD[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 1997, 15(3): 2-137.

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