中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 849-854.doi: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2025.06.015

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土地利用变化对媒传疾病传播的影响及其机制研究进展

项江玲1(), 李琴1, 郭苏影1, 许静1,2,*()()   

  1. 1 中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所(国家热带病研究中心),传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室,国家卫生健康委员会寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,世界卫生组织热带病合作中心,科技部国家级热带病国际研究中心,上海 200025
    2 上海交通大学医学院-国家热带病研究中心全球健康学院,上海 200025
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-05 修回日期:2025-09-29 出版日期:2025-12-30 发布日期:2025-12-24
  • 通讯作者: *许静(ORCID:0000-0002-4620-2025),女,博士,研究员,从事血吸虫病流行病学研究与防治。E-mail:xujing@nipd.chinacdc.cn
  • 作者简介:项江玲,女,硕士研究生,从事血吸虫病流行病学研究与防治。E-mail:15875273209@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82073619);上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023—2025年)重点学科建设项目(GWVI-11.1-12)

Impact of land use change on vector-borne disease transmission and its underlying mechanisms: a review

XIANG Jiangling1(), LI Qin1, GUO Suying1, XU Jing1,2,*()()   

  1. 1 National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
    2 School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
  • Received:2025-06-05 Revised:2025-09-29 Online:2025-12-30 Published:2025-12-24
  • Contact: *E-mail:xujing@nipd.chinacdc.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Science Foundation of China(82073619);Shanghai Three-Year Action Plan (2023-2025) for Public Health System Strengthening-Key Discipline Construction Project(GWVI-11.1-12)

摘要:

土地利用变化正深刻改变着地球生态,导致生物多样性下降和生态系统退化,并成为传染病暴发的主要驱动因素之一。本文系统综述了土地利用变化对媒传疾病的影响及其机制研究进展,重点关注其对病媒重新分布和疾病全球传播的潜在影响。现有研究表明,森林砍伐、农业扩张、城市化以及基础设施建设等土地利用显著改变了病媒生物的栖息地和种群动态,增加了蚊媒、白蛉和螺传疾病的暴发和扩散风险。土地利用变化主要通过生境碎片化、微气候调节、宿主群落重构和人类行为扰动等机制影响疾病传播。为应对土地利用变化带来的健康挑战,今后应加强科学研究、优化土地利用规划、完善监测预警系统、推进生态修复和提升公众意识。

关键词: 媒传疾病, 土地利用变化, 研究进展

Abstract:

Land use change is fundamentally transforming earth’s ecosystems, resulting in biodiversity decline and ecosystem degradation, and becomes a critical driver of infectious diseases outbreaks. This article systematically reviews the advances in the impact of land use changes on vector-borne diseases transmission and its mechanisms, with an emphasis on the potential impacts of land use changes on vector redistribution and global disease transmission. Current evidence indicates that land use changes, such as deforestation, agricultural expansion, urbanization, and infrastructure development, remarkably reshape vector habitats and population dynamics, thereby increasing the risk of mosquito-borne, sandfly-borne, and snail-transmitted diseases outbreaks and expansion, and land use changes mainly affect disease transmission via habitat fragmentation, microclimate modification, host community reorganization, and human disturbances. To respond to these health challenges caused by land use changes, strategic priorities should focus on enhancing scientific researches, optimizing land use policies, improving surveillance and forecast systems, promoting ecological rehabilitations, and increasing public awareness.

Key words: Vector-borne disease, Land use change, Research progress

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