2018—2020年湖北省儿童蛲虫感染监测结果分析

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2021.05.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解湖北省2018—2020年儿童蛲虫感染现状及变化趋势,为制定全省儿童蛲虫病防控策略提供科学依据。方法根据《全国土源性线虫病监测方案（试行）》要求,在湖北省阳新县设立固定监测点,另选取10%~15%的县（市、区）作为流动监测点。各监测点按地理方位划分为东、西、南、北、中等5个片区,每片区抽取1个乡（镇、街道）的1个行政村（社区）开展监测。对各监测点中3~9岁儿童采用改良加藤厚涂片法和胶纸肛拭法进行蛲虫感染检测,采用SPSS 22.0统计学软件对不同性别、年龄、地区、不同类型儿童感染率进行比较分析。结果 2018—2020年,28个监测点共检测儿童5 860名,平均蛲虫感染率为1.8%（108/5 860）;2018、2019和2020年感染率分别为1.6%（37/2 356）、2.3%（40/1 758）和1.8%（31/1 746）。钟祥市儿童蛲虫感染率较高,为16.3%（23/141）,各地区儿童蛲虫感染率间差异具有统计学意义（χ² = 82.501,P < 0.01）;男、女童的蛲虫感染率分别为1.8%（58/3 196）和1.9%（50/2 664）,城区和乡村儿童蛲虫感染率分别为1.5%（11/738）和1.9%（97/5 122）。4~7岁年龄组儿童感染率最高,各年龄组间差异有统计学意义（χ² = 17.697, P < 0.05）;透明胶纸肛拭法蛲虫感染检出率为1.8%（106/5 860）,高于改良加藤厚涂片法的0.3%（15/5 860）（χ² = 69.152, P < 0.01）。结论湖北省2018—2020年儿童蛲虫感染率整体水平较低,各地区感染率间差异较大,重点加强对4~7岁幼托儿童蛲虫感染的监测与精准防治。

关键词: 湖北省, 儿童, 蛲虫, 感染, 监测

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current status of Enterobius vermicularis infection in children and its transmission trend in Hubei Province during 2018—2020, to provide scientific basis for formulating control strategy for enterobiasis in the province. Methods According to the National Surveillance Program of Soil Transmitted Nematodiasis (Trial), Hubei Yangxin county was selected as a fixed surveillance site, and additional 10%-15% of total counties(city, district) were included as mobile surveillance sites. Each surveillance site was divided into 5 areas on the basis of geographical location (east, west, south, north and middle), from each of the areas, one administrative village was selected from one township (town, community) for conducting surveillance. Children at age 3-9 years from each site were examined for Enterobius infection with the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method and cellophane tanal swab. The infection rates in children with different ages, genders, residence areas and general conditions were compared and analyzed with SPSS 22.0. Results A total of 5 860 children were examined in 28 surveillance sites from 2018 to 2020, and the average infection rate of Enterobius was found to be 1.8% (108/5 860). The average infection rates in 2018, 2019 and 2020 were 1.6% (37/2 356), 2.3% (40/1 758) and 1.8% (31/1 746), respectively. Higher infection rate was detected in Zhongxiang City, being at 16.3% (23/141). Statistically significant differencewas found between different districts （χ² = 82.501,P < 0.01）. The infection rates in boys and girls were 1.8% (58/3 196) and 1.9% (50/2 664), respectively. In addition, the infection rates of children living in urban and rural areas were 1.5% (11/738) and 1.9% (97/5 122), respectively. Highest infection rate was found seen in children at 4 to 7 years of age, and the difference between age groups was statistically significant (χ² = 17.697, P < 0.05). The infection rate of E. vermicularis detected with cellophane anal swab was 1.8% (106/5 860), which was significantly higher than that found with the modified Kato Katz thick smear method (0.3%, 15/5 860) (χ² = 69.152, P < 0.01). Conclusion The overall infection rate of E. vermicularis in children was comparatively low in Hubei Province during 2018—2020, whereas the infection rate varied obviously in different areas. It is stressed that surveillance and counter measures should be strengthened for Enterobius infection in children at 4-7 years of age.

Key words: Hubei Province, Children, Enterobius vermicularis, Infection, Surveillance

中图分类号:

R532.1

易佳, 张华勋, 夏菁, 张聪, 朱红, 曹慕民, 何汇, 张娟. 2018—2020年湖北省儿童蛲虫感染监测结果分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2021, 39(5): 606-610.

YI Jia, ZHANG Hua-xun, XIA Jing, ZHANG Cong, ZHU Hong, CAO Mu-min, HE Hui, ZHANG Juan. Surveillance on Enterobius vermicularis infection among children in Hubei Province from 2018 to 2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2021, 39(5): 606-610.

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县（市） County(City)	2018			县（市） County(City)	2019			县（市） County(City)	2020
县（市） County(City)	检查人数No. exam’d	感染人数No. infected	感染率/%Infection rate/%	县（市） County(City)	检查人数No. exam’d	感染人数No. infected	感染率/%Infection rate/%	县（市） County(City)	检查人数No. exam’d	感染人数No. infected	感染率/%Infection rate/%
宣恩 Xuan’en	68	0	0	钟祥 Zhongxiang	141	23	16.3	梁子湖 Liangzihu	132	0	0
红安 Hong’an	137	0	0	团风 Tuanfeng	188	0	0	麻城 Macheng	354	15	4.2
阳新^a Yangxin	117	0	0	阳新^a Yangxin	89	0	0	阳新^a Yangxin	41	0	0
江陵 Jiangling	175	0	0	松滋 Songzi	281	2	0.7	公安 Gong’an	100	9	9.0
郧阳 Yunyang	493	0	0	竹山 Zhushan	281	0	0	房县 Fangxian	193	0	0
江夏 Jiangxia	152	0	0	汉南 Huannan	120	0	0	随县 Suixian	260	6	2.3
赤壁 Chibi	153	4	2.6	潜江 Qianjiang	120	5	4.2	嘉鱼 Jiayu	108	0	0
保康 Baokang	256	0	0	宜城 Yicheng	127	0	0	老河口 Laohekou	175	0	0
汉川 Hanchuan	706	33	4.7	云梦 Yunmeng	148	7	4.7	孝昌 Xiaochang	192	0	0
夷陵 Yiling	99	0	0	当阳 Dangyang	263	3	1.1	宜都 Yidu	191	1	0.5
合计Total	2 356	37	1.6	合计Total	1 758	40	2.3	合计Total	1 746	31	1.8

特征 Features	检查人数 No. exam’d	感染人数 No. infected	感染率/% Infection rate/%	χ²	P
性别Gender				0.31	> 0.05
男童Boy	3 196	58	1.8
女童Girl	2 664	50	1.9
年龄组/岁Age group/Year				17.70	< 0.05
3	724	4	0.6
4	887	18	2.0
5	894	26	2.9
6	863	20	2.3
7	824	17	2.1
8	881	16	1.8
9	787	7	0.9
不同类型 Different condition				2.51	> 0.05
幼托儿童Kindergarten children	2 700	57	2.1
散居儿童Scattered children	164	1	0.6
小学生Students	2 996	50	1.7
城乡Urban and rural areas				0.58	> 0.05
城区Urban area	738	11	1.5
乡村Rural area	5 122	97	1.9
合计Total	5 860	108	1.8