2018—2020年湖北省儿童蛲虫感染监测结果分析

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2021.05.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解湖北省2018—2020年儿童蛲虫感染现状及变化趋势,为制定全省儿童蛲虫病防控策略提供科学依据。方法根据《全国土源性线虫病监测方案（试行）》要求,在湖北省阳新县设立固定监测点,另选取10%~15%的县（市、区）作为流动监测点。各监测点按地理方位划分为东、西、南、北、中等5个片区,每片区抽取1个乡（镇、街道）的1个行政村（社区）开展监测。对各监测点中3~9岁儿童采用改良加藤厚涂片法和胶纸肛拭法进行蛲虫感染检测,采用SPSS 22.0统计学软件对不同性别、年龄、地区、不同类型儿童感染率进行比较分析。结果 2018—2020年,28个监测点共检测儿童5 860名,平均蛲虫感染率为1.8%（108/5 860）;2018、2019和2020年感染率分别为1.6%（37/2 356）、2.3%（40/1 758）和1.8%（31/1 746）。钟祥市儿童蛲虫感染率较高,为16.3%（23/141）,各地区儿童蛲虫感染率间差异具有统计学意义（χ² = 82.501,P < 0.01）;男、女童的蛲虫感染率分别为1.8%（58/3 196）和1.9%（50/2 664）,城区和乡村儿童蛲虫感染率分别为1.5%（11/738）和1.9%（97/5 122）。4~7岁年龄组儿童感染率最高,各年龄组间差异有统计学意义（χ² = 17.697, P < 0.05）;透明胶纸肛拭法蛲虫感染检出率为1.8%（106/5 860）,高于改良加藤厚涂片法的0.3%（15/5 860）（χ² = 69.152, P < 0.01）。结论湖北省2018—2020年儿童蛲虫感染率整体水平较低,各地区感染率间差异较大,重点加强对4~7岁幼托儿童蛲虫感染的监测与精准防治。

关键词: 湖北省, 儿童, 蛲虫, 感染, 监测

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current status of Enterobius vermicularis infection in children and its transmission trend in Hubei Province during 2018—2020, to provide scientific basis for formulating control strategy for enterobiasis in the province. Methods According to the National Surveillance Program of Soil Transmitted Nematodiasis (Trial), Hubei Yangxin county was selected as a fixed surveillance site, and additional 10%-15% of total counties(city, district) were included as mobile surveillance sites. Each surveillance site was divided into 5 areas on the basis of geographical location (east, west, south, north and middle), from each of the areas, one administrative village was selected from one township (town, community) for conducting surveillance. Children at age 3-9 years from each site were examined for Enterobius infection with the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method and cellophane tanal swab. The infection rates in children with different ages, genders, residence areas and general conditions were compared and analyzed with SPSS 22.0. Results A total of 5 860 children were examined in 28 surveillance sites from 2018 to 2020, and the average infection rate of Enterobius was found to be 1.8% (108/5 860). The average infection rates in 2018, 2019 and 2020 were 1.6% (37/2 356), 2.3% (40/1 758) and 1.8% (31/1 746), respectively. Higher infection rate was detected in Zhongxiang City, being at 16.3% (23/141). Statistically significant differencewas found between different districts （χ² = 82.501,P < 0.01）. The infection rates in boys and girls were 1.8% (58/3 196) and 1.9% (50/2 664), respectively. In addition, the infection rates of children living in urban and rural areas were 1.5% (11/738) and 1.9% (97/5 122), respectively. Highest infection rate was found seen in children at 4 to 7 years of age, and the difference between age groups was statistically significant (χ² = 17.697, P < 0.05). The infection rate of E. vermicularis detected with cellophane anal swab was 1.8% (106/5 860), which was significantly higher than that found with the modified Kato Katz thick smear method (0.3%, 15/5 860) (χ² = 69.152, P < 0.01). Conclusion The overall infection rate of E. vermicularis in children was comparatively low in Hubei Province during 2018—2020, whereas the infection rate varied obviously in different areas. It is stressed that surveillance and counter measures should be strengthened for Enterobius infection in children at 4-7 years of age.

Key words: Hubei Province, Children, Enterobius vermicularis, Infection, Surveillance

中图分类号:

R532.1

易佳, 张华勋, 夏菁, 张聪, 朱红, 曹慕民, 何汇, 张娟. 2018—2020年湖北省儿童蛲虫感染监测结果分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2021, 39(5): 606-610.

YI Jia, ZHANG Hua-xun, XIA Jing, ZHANG Cong, ZHU Hong, CAO Mu-min, HE Hui, ZHANG Juan. Surveillance on Enterobius vermicularis infection among children in Hubei Province from 2018 to 2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2021, 39(5): 606-610.

图/表 2

表1

表2

参考文献 25

[1]	Zhu XP, Su C. Human parasitology[M]. 9th ed. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2018: 166-167. (in Chinese)
	( 诸欣平, 苏川. 人体寄生虫学[M]. 9版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2018: 166-167.)
[2]	Fan CK, Chuang TW, Huang YC, et al. Enterobius vermicularis infection: prevalence and risk factors among preschool children in kindergarten in the capital area, Republic of the Marshall Islands[J]. BMC Infect Dis, 2019, 19(1):536. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-4159-0
[3]	Tang LH, Xu LQ, Chen YD. Parasitic disease control and research in China[M]. Beijing: Beijing Science & Technology Press, 2012: 714. (in Chinese)
	( 汤林华, 许隆祺, 陈颖丹. 中国寄生虫病防治与研究[M]. 北京: 北京科学技术出版社, 2012: 714.)
[4]	Chen YD, Wang JJ, Zhu HH, et al. Enterobius vermicularis infection status among children in 9 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities of China[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2013, 31(4):251-255. (in Chinese)
	( 陈颖丹, 王聚君, 朱慧慧, 等. 中国9省(区、市)儿童蛲虫感染调查[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2013, 31(4):251-255.)
[5]	An YW, Pang XL, Liu JB, et al. Advances in research on harm and control of Enterobius vermicularis infection in children[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2012, 24(5):598-600. (in Chinese)
	( 安耀武, 庞新莉, 刘杰兵, 等. 儿童蛲虫感染的危害与防治研究[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2012, 24(5):598-600.)
[6]	Aba M, Demİrel AO, Saritaş AG, et al. Acute appendicitis caused by Enterobius vermicularis: case report[J]. Bezmialem Sci, 2021, 9(02):231-233. doi: 10.14235/bs.
[7]	Sumanto D, Sayono S, Mudawamah PL. Enterobius vermicularis larvae in urine sample of female student: the first case report in Indonesia[J]. J Microbiol Exp, 2021, 9(1):1-2.
[8]	Serpytis M, Seinin D. Fatal case of ectopic enterobiasis: Enterobius vermicularis in the kidneys[J]. Scand J Urol Nephrol, 2012, 46(1):70-72. doi: 10.3109/00365599.2011.609834
[9]	Bajracharya K, Bhari AM, Rai SK, et al. Enterobius vermicularis in anterior chamber of eye[J]. Asian J Med Sci, 2019, 10(6):90-92.
[10]	Chen SL, Wu CX, Chen JS, et al. Survey of human parasite infections in Hubei Province[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 1991, 9(S1):65-68. (in Chinese)
	( 陈思礼, 吴炽熙, 陈建设, 等. 湖北省人群寄生虫感染情况的调查[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 1991, 9(S1):65-68.)
[11]	Zhang HX, Chen JS, Yu PH, et al. Survey on the infection of the important parasitic diseases of human body in Hubei Province at present[J]. Chin Medl Sci Health, 2007, 4(8):3-6. (in Chinese)
	( 张华勋, 陈建设, 余品红, 等. 湖北省人体重要寄生虫感染现状调查[J]. 中华医学与健康, 2007, 4(8):3-6.)
[12]	Lin W, Zhang HX, Xia J, et al. The third survey of parasitic diseases in key population in Hubei[J]. Chin Trop Med, 2019, 19(1):14-18. (in Chinese)
	( 林文, 张华勋, 夏菁, 等. 湖北省第3次重点人群寄生虫病现状调查[J]. 中国热带医学, 2019, 19(1):14-18.)
[13]	Zhu TJ, Zhou CH, Xu LQ, et al. Interpretation of detection of intestinal helminthes--the Kato-Katz method(WS/T 570-2017)[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2018, 30(5):575-577. (in Chinese)
	( 诸廷俊, 周长海, 许隆祺, 等. 《肠道蠕虫检测改良加藤厚涂片法》(WS/T 570-2017)解读[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2018, 30(5):575-577.)
[14]	Wen LY, Yan XL, Guan YY, et al. Interpretation of WS 469-2015“Diagnosis of enterobiasis”[J]. Int J Epid Infec Dis, 2015, 42(3):149-150. (in Chinese)
	( 闻礼永, 严晓岚, 官亚宜, 等. 《蛲虫病的诊断(WS469-2015)》标准解读[J]. 国际流行病学传染病学杂志, 2015, 42(3):149-150.)
[15]	Chen YD, Zang W. Current situation of soil-transmitted nematodiasis monitoring in China and working keys in future[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2015, 27(2):111-114. (in Chinese)
	( 陈颖丹, 臧炜. 我国土源性线虫病监测现状及今后监测工作重点[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2015, 27(2):111-114.)
[16]	Chen YD, Zhou CH, Zhu HH, et al. National survey on the current status of important human parasitic diseases in China in 2015[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2020, 38(1):5-16. (in Chinese)
	( 陈颖丹, 周长海, 朱慧慧, 等. 2015年全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2020, 38(1):5-16.)
[17]	Huang JL, Zhang MZ, Zhu HH, et al. National surveillance on Enterobius vermicularis infections among children at ages of 3 to 9 years in China from 2016 to 2018[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2020, 32(1):54-59. (in Chinese)
	( 黄继磊, 张米禛, 朱慧慧, 等. 2016—2018年全国3~9岁儿童蛲虫感染监测[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2020, 32(1):54-59.)
[18]	Chen Z, Jiang WS, Ge J, et al. Analysis on the results of surveillance of Enterobius vermicularis infection among children in rural areas in Jiangxi Province during 2016—2019[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2020, 38(5):542-547. (in Chinese)
	( 陈喆, 姜唯声, 葛军, 等. 2016—2019年江西省农村地区儿童蛲虫监测结果分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2020, 38(5):542-547.)
[19]	Deng JQ, Yu SL, Nong Z, et al. Surveillance of key parasitic diseases in populations of Baise City in Guangxi from 2016 to 2019[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2021, 39(3):342-346. (in Chinese)
	( 邓积广, 余水兰, 农智, 等. 2016—2019年广西百色市人体重点寄生虫病监测结果分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2021, 39(3):342-346.)
[20]	He ZY, Wang XM, Wu WT, et al. Surveillance and analysis of important human parasitic diseases in Beijing during 2016—2020[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2021, 39(4):1-5. (in Chinese)
	( 何战英, 王小梅, 吴文婷, 等. 2016—2020年北京市人体重点寄生虫病监测分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2021, 39(4):1-5.)
[21]	Dai SM, Ma XJ, Zhang YG, et al. Investigation and analysis on soil-transmitted nematode diseases and key food-borne parasitic diseases in Shanghai Municipality from 2016 to 2020[J]. J Trop Dis Parasitol, 2021, 19(3):143-145, 159. (in Chinese)
	( 戴思敏, 马晓疆, 张耀光, 等. 2016—2020年上海市土源性线虫病和重点食源性寄生虫病调查分析[J]. 热带病与寄生虫学, 2021, 19(3):143-145, 159.)
[22]	Luo JQ, Bai Y, Zheng XW, et al. Study on the relationship between regional distribution of longevity population and environmental trace elements in Zhongxiang area[J]. Res Environ Eng, 2020, 34(4):529-535. (in Chinese)
	( 罗军强, 白洋, 郑雄伟, 等. 钟祥地区长寿人群地域分布与环境微量元素关系探讨[J]. 资源环境与工程, 2020, 34(4):529-535.)
[23]	Wang XL, Zhou Q, Shi A, et al. A survey on Enterobius vermicularis infection among pre-school children in Guoyang County of Anhui Province[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2018, 36(2):139-143. (in Chinese)
	( 王小莉, 周琦, 石傲, 等. 安徽省涡阳县幼儿园儿童蛲虫感染现状调查[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2018, 36(2):139-143.)
[24]	Lan WM, Liu HY, Gao ZL, et al. Investigation of Enterobius vermicularis infection in children in Jiangxi Province in 2014[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2018, 30(4):449-451. (in Chinese)
	( 兰炜明, 刘红云, 高祖禄, 等. 2014年江西省儿童蛲虫感染情况调查分析[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2018, 30(4):449-451.)
[25]	Zhou CH, Zhu HH, Zang W, et al. Monitoring of Enterobius vermicularis infection among children from 2006 to 2010 and SWOT analysis[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2014, 26(4):370-375, 386. (in Chinese)
	( 周长海, 朱慧慧, 臧炜, 等. 2006—2010年我国儿童蛲虫感染监测及SWOT分析[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2014, 26(4):370-375, 386.)

县（市） County(City)	2018			县（市） County(City)	2019			县（市） County(City)	2020
县（市） County(City)	检查人数No. exam’d	感染人数No. infected	感染率/%Infection rate/%	县（市） County(City)	检查人数No. exam’d	感染人数No. infected	感染率/%Infection rate/%	县（市） County(City)	检查人数No. exam’d	感染人数No. infected	感染率/%Infection rate/%
宣恩 Xuan’en	68	0	0	钟祥 Zhongxiang	141	23	16.3	梁子湖 Liangzihu	132	0	0
红安 Hong’an	137	0	0	团风 Tuanfeng	188	0	0	麻城 Macheng	354	15	4.2
阳新^a Yangxin	117	0	0	阳新^a Yangxin	89	0	0	阳新^a Yangxin	41	0	0
江陵 Jiangling	175	0	0	松滋 Songzi	281	2	0.7	公安 Gong’an	100	9	9.0
郧阳 Yunyang	493	0	0	竹山 Zhushan	281	0	0	房县 Fangxian	193	0	0
江夏 Jiangxia	152	0	0	汉南 Huannan	120	0	0	随县 Suixian	260	6	2.3
赤壁 Chibi	153	4	2.6	潜江 Qianjiang	120	5	4.2	嘉鱼 Jiayu	108	0	0
保康 Baokang	256	0	0	宜城 Yicheng	127	0	0	老河口 Laohekou	175	0	0
汉川 Hanchuan	706	33	4.7	云梦 Yunmeng	148	7	4.7	孝昌 Xiaochang	192	0	0
夷陵 Yiling	99	0	0	当阳 Dangyang	263	3	1.1	宜都 Yidu	191	1	0.5
合计Total	2 356	37	1.6	合计Total	1 758	40	2.3	合计Total	1 746	31	1.8

特征 Features	检查人数 No. exam’d	感染人数 No. infected	感染率/% Infection rate/%	χ²	P
性别Gender				0.31	> 0.05
男童Boy	3 196	58	1.8
女童Girl	2 664	50	1.9
年龄组/岁Age group/Year				17.70	< 0.05
3	724	4	0.6
4	887	18	2.0
5	894	26	2.9
6	863	20	2.3
7	824	17	2.1
8	881	16	1.8
9	787	7	0.9
不同类型 Different condition				2.51	> 0.05
幼托儿童Kindergarten children	2 700	57	2.1
散居儿童Scattered children	164	1	0.6
小学生Students	2 996	50	1.7
城乡Urban and rural areas				0.58	> 0.05
城区Urban area	738	11	1.5
乡村Rural area	5 122	97	1.9
合计Total	5 860	108	1.8