中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 556-562.doi: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2019.05.009

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

安徽省现症血吸虫病病例分布的空间自相关分析

高风华1(), 何家昶1, 张世清1, 汪天平1, 李婷婷1, 薛靖波2, 李石柱2,*()   

  1. 1安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所,合肥 230061
    2中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,国家热带病研究中心,世界卫生组织热带病合作中心,科技部国家级热带病国际联合研究中心,卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,上海 200025
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-01 出版日期:2019-10-30 发布日期:2019-11-07
  • 通讯作者: 李石柱
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:高风华(1969-),男,本科,副主任医师,主要从事血吸虫病预防控制工作。E-mail:ahxfbb@126.com

Spatial autocorrelation analysis of current schistosomiasis case distribution in Anhui Province

Feng-hua GAO1(), Jia-chang HE1, Shi-qing ZHANG1, Tian-ping WANG1, Ting-ting LI1, Jing-bo XUE2, Shi-zhu LI2,*()   

  1. 1 Anhui Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Hefei 230061, China
    2 National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China
  • Received:2019-04-01 Online:2019-10-30 Published:2019-11-07
  • Contact: Shi-zhu LI

摘要:

目的 描述和分析安徽省现症血吸虫病病例空间分布状况和特征,为血吸虫病防治提供依据。方法 对安徽省2017年1月-2018年10月报告的现症血吸虫病病例进行调查,符合诊断标准的病例被录入中国疾病预防控制中心流行病学动态数据采集平台(EDDC)-“地方病调查系统”,病例信息包括:年龄、性别、职业、文化程度、现住址、病例分类、贫困情况、参加农合或医保、治疗与手术等情况。采用Microsoft Excel 2010软件建立血吸虫病个案数据库,统计各乡(镇)的慢性血吸虫病和晚期血吸虫病的病例数,并与全国第六次人口调查数据相连接,获得乡(镇)级血吸虫病病情属性数据库。使用SPSS 18.0统计学软件描述分析血吸虫病病例的人群分布特征;使用ArcGIS 10.2的聚类分布模块,分别对乡(镇)级的慢性和晚期血吸虫病患病率进行空间自相关分析,其中全局空间自相关分析采用全局Moran’s I 指数,局部空间自相关分析采用局部Getis-Ord G系数。结果 全省共报告现症血吸虫病病例20 345例,其中慢性15 080例(均为临床病例)、晚期5 265例,无急性感染病例报告。男性11 319例,女性9 026例,男女性别比为1.25 : 1。病例平均年龄(57.8 ± 12.2)岁,其中慢性(54.8 ± 11.2)岁,晚期(66.4 ± 10.7)岁。慢性和晚期血吸虫病病例的职业均以农民为主,分别占96.4%(14 540/15 080)和93.8%(4 936/5 265)。慢性血吸虫病病例文化程度构成比的前3位依次为小学(51.9%,7 830/15 080)、初中(23.0%,3 467/15 080)和文盲(21.8%,3 288/15 080);晚期血吸虫病病例文化程度构成比的前3位依次为文盲(43.6%,2 296/5 265)、小学(38.1%,2 008/5 265)和初中(15.2%,798/5 265)。慢性和晚期血吸虫病病例中,来自于贫困户的病例分别占4.9%(736/15 080)和10.0%(528/5 265)。慢性血吸虫病病例主要分布于9个市的42个县(市、区)的249个乡(镇),大部份沿长江流域分布,呈连续的片状,患病率 > 0.5%的乡(镇)共38个;晚期血吸虫病病例分布于8个市的45个县(市、区)的340个乡(镇),这些乡(镇)绝大多数为血吸虫病流行区,主要分布于长江流域和新安江流域,也呈连续的片状分布,晚期血吸虫病患病率 > 0.5%的乡(镇)共3个。乡(镇)级的全局自相关分析显示,慢期血吸虫病患病率(Moran’s I = 0.202 5,P < 0.01)和晚期血吸虫病患病率(Moran’s I = 0.183 4,P < 0.01)在安徽省区域存在空间自相关。局部自相关分析显示,慢性血吸虫病患病率在安徽省的长江上中游段流域的乡(镇)聚集范围较大,而晚期血吸虫病患病率主要在长江上中游段和新安江流域的乡(镇)聚集。结论 安徽省慢性和晚期血吸虫病病例分布存在空间聚集现象,主要分布于长江安徽段上中段流域,提示该地区仍是该省血吸虫病防治工作的重点区域。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 空间自相关分析, 安徽省

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the spatial distribution of current schistosomiaisis cases in Anhui Province as reference for facilitating the control of the disease. Methods The epidemiological data of current schistosomiasis cases in Anhui from January 2017 to October 2018, including age, gender, occupation, education, current address, disease stage, economic status, health insurance and treatment, were collected from Epidemiological Dynamics Data Collection Platform (EDDC). A database of Anhui schistosomiasis cases was established using Microsoft Excel 2010. SPSS18.0 was used to analyze the statistical significance of epidemiological characteristics of schistosomiasis cases in Anhui. ArcGIS 10.2 clustering module was used to analyze the spatial autocorrelation of chronic and advanced schistosomiasis cases identified at township level, among them the global spatial autocorrelation analysis was performed using global Moran’s I index and the local spatial autocorrelation analysis using local Getis-Ord G coefficient. Results A total of 20 345 schistosomiasis cases were reported in the province during January 2017-October 2018, including 15 080 chronic clinic cases and 5 265 advanced cases. There was no acute case reported during the period. More male cases (11 319) than female cases (9 026) were reported with male and female ratio of 1.25 : 1. Average age of all cases was 57.8 ± 12.2. Among all chronic cases, the average age was 54.8 ± 11.2 years old. Most of the cases were farmers (96.4%, 14 540/15 080) with low education (primary school/51.9%, middle school/23.0% and illiterate/21.8%). Total 4.9% (736/15 080) of the chronic cases came from families with low income. Among all advanced cases, the average age was 66.4 ± 10.7 years old. The main occupation was farmers (93.8%, 4 936/5 265) with low education level (illiterate/43.6%, primary school/38.1% and middle school/15.2%). More than 10% of the cases (528/5 265) came from the poor families with low income. Chronic cases were distributed in 249 townships within 42 counties (cities or districts) along Yangtze River Basin. There were 38 townships with prevalence of chronic cases higher than 0.5%. The advanced cases were mainly distributed in 340 townships within 45 countries (cities or districts) along Yangtze River Basin and Xin’an River Basin. There were 3 counties with prevalence of advanced schistosomiasis cases higher than 0.5%. The global autocorrelation analysis at the township level showed that both prevalence of chronic schistosomiasis (Moran’s I = 0.202 5, P < 0.01) and the advanced schistosomiasis (Moran’s I = 0.183 4, P < 0.01) possesed spatial autocorrelation in Anhui Province. Analysis of local autocorrelation showed that highly concentrated areas of chronic schistosomiasis were mostly distributed in the townships along the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River in Anhui, and highly concentrated areas of advanced schistosomiasis were mainly distributed along the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the Xin’an River Basin. Conclusion There is spatial accumulation of schistosomiasis case in Anhui Province. The upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River remain the key areas for schistosomiasis prevention and control in Anhui Province.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Spatial autocorrelation analysis, Anhui Province

中图分类号: