CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES >
Performance comparison of three methods in detecting asymptomatic malaria infection on China-Myanmar border
Received date: 2019-11-06
Online published: 2020-05-11
Supported by
Supported by the National Major Science and Technology Project--Prevention and Treatment of AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, and Other Major Infectious Diseases(2018ZX10101002-002);National Health Commission Special Project for Lancang-Mekong Cooperation in 2017(2020399);the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(18ZR1443400);the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases U19 project(U19AI129386)
Objective To compare the performances of three methods in detecting asymptomatic malaria infection in residents, and assess the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria on China-Myanmar border.Methods Cross-sectional survey was carried out in Nabang town and Zhina town in Yingjiang county of Yunnan Province, China and a resettlement site in Laiza of Myanmar. Finger-prick blood samples were collected to prepare thick/thin blood smears and dried blood spots on filter paper. Malaria parasite infection was examined by light microscopy, real-time fluorescent PCR and ultrasensitive PCR (usPCR).Results A total of 387 blood samples were collected. Light microscopy found 6 participants with asymptomatic malaria infection (5 Plasmodium vivax infection and 1 P. falciparum infection), with a detection rate of 1.6%; real-time fluorescent PCR revealed 13 asymptomatic malaria infection cases (12 P. vivax infection; 1 P. falciparum infection) with a detection rate of 3.4%; and usPCR found 38 asymptomatic malaria infection cases(29 P. vivax infection and 9 P. falciparum infection) with a detection rate of 9.8%. Using light microscopy as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of real-time fluorescent PCR were 98.2% and 100%, and those of usPCR were 91.6% and 100%, respectively. The usPCR results revealed that the detection rate of asymptomatic malaria infections was highest in Nabang town (17.1%, 22/129), followed by the Laiza resettlement site (10.0%, 11/110) and Zhina town (3.4%, 5/148), showing significant differences between the three sites (P < 0.05). Among the parasite species detected, P. vivax accounts for 76.3%, while P. falciparum for 23.7%. The detection rate was higher in females (10.7%, 23/215) than in males (8.7%, 15/172), but with no significant difference (P > 0.05). The age distribution showed that, the detection rate of asymptomatic infection was highest in the examinees aged 15-29 years(17.5%, 10/57), but there were no significant differences between the age groups.Conclusion Of the three methods compared for the ability in detection of asymptomatic malaria infection, the usPCR method presents higher detection rate than light microscopy and real-time fluorescent PCR. There are a certain proportion of asymptomatic malaria infection cases among the residents on China-Myanmar border.
Key words： Malaria; Asymptomatic malaria infection; PCR
Xiao-xiao WANG , Hui-hui XIAO , Fang HUANG , Shui-sen ZHOU . Performance comparison of three methods in detecting asymptomatic malaria infection on China-Myanmar border[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY AND PARASITIC DISEASES, 2020 , 38(2) : 152 -158 . DOI: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2020.02.004
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