Abstract: A total of Eight hundred eighty-six children from 3 to 7 years old in 8 kindergartens were sampled in urban and rural area in Xianyang City from March to May 2012. The cellophane tape swab technique was used to examine pinworm eggs. Children’s hygiene habits, clinical symptoms and hygienic condition were surveyed by questionnairing. The total infection rate of pinworm was 11.2%（99/886）. The rate in males and females was 10.4%（52/500） and 12.2%（47/386）, respectively. The infection rate in rural kindergartens （19.1%, 70/367） was higher than that of urban kindergartens （5.6%, 29/519）（χ2=39.39，P＜0.01）. Among the investigated children aged 3-7 years, the infection rate in 4-5 years group （12.7%） was the highest, but no statistical difference was found among age groups（P>0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the hygiene habits such as washing hands before eating（OR=0.180）, drinking unboiled water and eating non-cooked food（OR=2.473）,  cleaning perianal region frequently（OR=0.836）, cutting nails frequently（OR=0.450）, drying the quilt regularly（OR=0.224） and health education（OR=0.639） were the influence factors on pinworm infection. The main symptoms of pinworm infection include pruritus and bruxism.

Key words: Enterobius vermicularis, Hygiene habit, Hygiene status, Symptom