Abstract: Through literature review of the investigations on relevant sandflies(Dipter∶ Psychodidae) and his personal practical experience over the years, the author raises 5 issues referring to the taxonomy and biology of sandflies, density surveillance, transmisision of Leishmania parasites, and their distribution status which need to be further studied,  and the author looks forward to an attention from medical entomologists in China.

Key words: Sandfly, Taxonomy, Biology, Surveillance, Transmission, Distribution status, Prospect