Abstract: AIM: To explore the geographical distribution of sandfly and its relation to natural landscape in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. METHOD: A number of survey of sandfly distribution pattern besed on entomological geography and landscape features had been performed. RESULTS: There exist one or two representative species of sandflies in a definite locality with specific geographical and landscape features. In the mountainous zone with brown calcareous soil, Phlebotomus chinensis longiductus was generally the predominant species; in stony desert places with brown desert soil adjacent to mountains, Ph.alexandri (69.7% - 100% ) was the major species; in old oasis covered with moistened/yellow oasis soil, Ph.chinensis longiductus was the chief species; in desert covered with desert-forest soil and sparsely distributed with plant of Populus diversifolia, Ph.majorwui had a high proportion ( 60.9% - 77.6% ) , followed by Sergentomyia minutus sinkiangensis; in desert densely distributed with plant of Haloxylon sp. (Half- stuck aeolian sandy soil), Ph. andrejevi amounted to 85.2% - 97.9%; in areas with vegetation of Reaumuria soongarich mixed with Tamarix sp. (gray desert soil), Ph. mongolensis (67.3% - 84.4% ) was the chief species; in the solonchak desert below sea level with sparsely grown vegetation of Alhagi sparsifolia, only S.arpaklensis was detected. CONCLUSION: The existence of different predominant species of sandflies in areas of varied landscape features indicates the necessity of characteristic habitat for a definite sandfly species to grow and develop, and the importance of coincidence in environmental factors and sandfly eco ogy is evident.

Key words: Sandfly, geographical distribution, landscape, adaptability, Xinjiang