中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

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2016年河南省方城县猪带绦虫病和囊尾蚴病知识、态度和行为的调查结果分析

邓艳1,张雅兰1,李素华1,陈伟奇1,蔺西萌1,陈曦2,王庭柱3,李蓬1,张红卫1,许汴利1*   

  1. 1 河南省疾病预防控制中心,郑州 450016;2 方城县疾病预防控制中心,方城 473215;3 南阳市疾病预防控制中心,南阳 473000
  • 出版日期:2018-06-30 发布日期:2018-07-02

A KAP survey on taeniasis and cysticercosis in Fangcheng County of Henan Province in 2016

DENG Yan1, ZHANG Ya-lan1, LI Su-hua1, CHEN Wei-qi1, LIN Xi-meng1, CHEN Xi2, WANG Ting-zhu3, LI Peng1, ZHANG Hong-wei1, XU bian-li1*   

  1. 1  Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China; 2  Fangcheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fangcheng 473200, China; 3 Nanyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanyang 473010, China
  • Online:2018-06-30 Published:2018-07-02

摘要:

于2016年选择方城县有人体囊尾蚴病分布的6个乡(镇)为调查点,随机设干预乡(杨集乡、博望乡和独树乡)和对照乡(二郎庙乡、杨楼乡和小史店乡),采用结构式问卷现场访问的形式对居民进行猪带绦虫病和囊尾蚴病防治知识、态度和行为的调查,分析不同性别、年龄和职业等人群特征与知识、态度、行为等的相关性,采用SPSS 22.0统计学软件进行统计分析。结果显示,居民猪带绦虫病和囊尾蚴病防治知识总知晓率为0.5%(13/2 399),干预乡与对照乡知晓率分别为0.6%(7/1 128)和0.5%(6/1 271),两者差异无统计学意义(χ2 = 0.65,P > 0.05)。男性和女性知晓率分别为1.0%(11/1 179)和0.2%(2/1 320),两者差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 8.30,P < 0.01)。5个问题中,含囊尾蚴的猪肉与疾病相关性得分率最高,为61.3%(1471/2 399),其次为猪带绦虫病感染途径的1.3%(32/2 399),囊尾蚴病常见症状的0.8%(20/2 399)和绦虫大体形态的0.6%(15/2 399),囊尾蚴病感染途径得分率最低,为0.3%(7/2 399)。60岁以上人群食用过含囊尾蚴猪肉的百分比为7.9%(61/774),高于60岁以下人群的2.2%(36/1625)(χ2 = 43.38,P < 0.01)。养过猪的人群食用过含囊尾蚴猪肉的比例为33.5%(82/245),高于未养过猪的人群0.7%(15/2 154)(χ2 = 608.97,P < 0.01)。有食生或半生肉习惯的人群比例为20.3%(488/2 399),其中94.9%(463/488)是尝含生肉的饺子馅,女性尝饺子馅的人数比例为25.3%(334/1 320),高于男性12.0%(129/1 079)(χ2 = 67.91,P < 0.01)。烹饪时完全做到生熟分开的人群比例仅为3.5%(85/2 399)。尝含生肉的饺子馅、生熟不分是当地居民的主要不良行为习惯,加强防治知识宣教是今后试点工作重要措施之一。
   

关键词: 囊尾蚴病, 知识、态度、行为调查, 猪带绦虫病, 河南省

Abstract:

 Six towns in Fangcheng County, where taeniasis and cysticercosis cases were reported, were selected as the survey spots in 2016, accompanied by employment of towns with intervention (Yangji, Bowang and Dushu towns) or control (Erlangmiao, Yanglou and Xiaoshidian towns). The KAP survey on taeniasis/cysticercosis was carried out in the manner of structured questionnairing, and results were analyzed by sex, age, and occupation using the SPSS 22.0 software. The total awareness rate of taeniasis/cysticercosis knowledge was 0.5% (13/2 399), and there was no statistically significant difference between the intervention (0.6%, 7/1 128) and control towns(0.5%, 6/1 271) (χ2 = 0.65, P > 0.05). The awareness rates in males and females were 1.0% (11/1 179) and 0.2% (2/1 320), respectively (χ2 = 8.30, P < 0.01). Among the five questions in the questionnaire, the question regarding knowledge on the correlation of cysticercus cellulosae-containing pork with diseases had the highest score rate (61.3%, 1 471/2 399), followed by the infection route of taeniasis (1.3%, 32/2 399), common symptoms of cysticercosis (0.8%, 20/2 399) and taenia basic morphology (0.6%, 15/2 399), then the infection route of cysticercosis (0.3%, 7/2 399). The percentage of residents who had eaten cysticercus-containing pork was 7.9% (61/774) in the age group of > 60, significantly higher than that in the group of < 60 (2.2%, 36/1 625) (χ2 = 43.38, P < 0.01). And the percentage of those who once raised pigs was 33.5% (82/245), significantly higher than that of those who did not (0.7%, 15/2 154) (χ2 = 608.97, P < 0.01). The proportion of persons who had an eating habit for uncooked meat or incompletely-cooked meat was 20.3% (488/2 399). Of them 94.9% (463/488) used to taste dumpling stuffing containing raw meat, and the females accounted for 25.3% (334/1 320), significantly more than the males (12.0%, 129/1 079) (χ2 = 67.91, P < 0.01). Only 3.5% (85/2 399) of the residents would completely separate the raw and the cooked meat during cooking.  Tasting dumpling stuffing and mixing the raw and the cooked food together are the main risk behaviors in local residents. It is important to strengthen health education on taeniasis/cysticercosis.

Key words:  Cysticercosis, KAP survey, Taeniasis, Henan Province