关键词: 血吸虫病, 学生, 无血吸虫感染者学校, 健康教育, 健康促进, 干预模式, 应用

Abstract: Objective To establish an intervention model of school health promotion, and apply it in developing “schistosomiasis-free schools”. Methods At the pilot stage, all students of Henghu primary school and Banshan primary school in Xinjian County of Jiangxi Province were selected as experiment group and control group, respectively. A baseline survey covered knowledge and attitude on schistosomiasis control, water contact behaviors and Schistosoma japonium infection rate. Two health promotion intervention models, i.e. “information communication + training of protection skill + reward & punishment” （model A, 1993-1999） and “information communication + behavior participation + encouragement” （model B, 2000-2007）, were implemented in Henghu school. The effect of two models was compared by infection rate. At the application stage, all students of 8 schools in Xinjian County，Nanchang County，and Jinxian County were chosen for evaluation of the effectiveness of Model B with same methods and index. Results Before intervention there was no significant statistical difference on the passed rate of anti-schistosomiasis knowledge, correct rate of anti-schistoso-miasis attitude, frequency of infested water exposure and the infection rate between Henghu and Banshan schools（P＞0.05）. In Henghu school, the intervention showed significant effect on the scores of knowledge and attitude after one year （P＜0.01）, raised from 9.0% and 55.1% before intervention to 94.4% and 98.9% after intervention, respectively. The frequency of infested water exposure and the infection rate significantly decreased from 14.6% and 13.5% before intervention to 1.9% and 2.3%, respectively （P＜0.01）. In 2-7 years after intervention, there were only one or two schistosomiasis cases each year. At the application stage, no schistosomasis cases were found among Model B target population in two successive years after intervention. Conclusion The practice of Model B can be extended to other schools in endemic area to develop “schistosomiasis-free schools”.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Student, Schistosomiasis-free school, Health education, Health promotion