关键词: 青海, 黄南, 棘球蚴病, 流行病学, 调查

Abstract:

To analyze the prevalence of hydatid disease in Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai, two to three villages were randomly selected in each of the Henan County, Jianzha County, Tongren County, and Zeku County in Huangnan of Qinghai. Ultrasound examination was performed for local residents aged > 1 year. Animal echinococcosis was investigated by visceral anatomy, and ELISA was used to detect echinococcosis antigen in fecal samples of stray dogs. In this study, a total of 11 231 residents received ultrasound examination, of whom 77 were positive for hydatid cysts with a morbidity rate of 0.69%. The prevalence of hydatid disease was highest in Zeku County (2.12%, 68/3 213), followed by Henan County (0.26%, 9/3 430). The prevalence of hydatid disease in females was 0.72% (44/6 094), and 0.64% (33/5 137), respectively. Among various occupations, the herdsmen had the highest prevalence rate of 0.83% (61/7 338). Among age groups, the human hydatid disease prevalence rate was relatively higher in populations of 50-59 years (1.25%, 9/721), 60-69 years (1.96%, 13/663) and 30-39 years (0.91%, 24/2 637). In addition, the prevalence of hydatid disease was higher in the uneducated (0.66%) and in those at the primary school level (0.79%). The residents that settled in winter and was nomadic in summer had the highest prevalence (1.10%, 70/6 391), followed by the nomadic population (0.62%, 6/965). There were significant prevalence differences in terms of region, age, living style and educational level (P < 0.05), rather than in gender, occupation (P > 0.05). Of the 1 282 dog fecal samples collected, the fecal antigen positive rate was 11.70%（150/1 282）, with a significant regional difference (P < 0.05). Among the 3 525 intermediate host sheep, the hydatid infection rate was 2.13% (75/3 525), with a significant regional difference (P < 0.05). The results indicats a hydatid disease morbidity of 0.69% in residents and 2.13% in sheep, and the antigen positive rate in dogs feces is 11.70% in Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province.

Key words: Qinghai, Huangnan, Hydatid disease, Epidemiology, Investigation