中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2017, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 478-482.

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福建省六斗山自然保护区平和华溪蟹感染三平正并殖吸虫囊蚴情况及其形态学研究

蔡茂荣1, 林国华2, 陈锦钟1, 罗鋆1, 黄明松2, 邓艳3, 程由注4,*()   

  1. 1 福建省漳州市疾病控制中心,漳州 363000
    2 福建省龙海市疾病控制中心,龙海 363100
    3 河南省疾病预防控制中心,郑州 450016
    4 福建省疾病预防控制中心,福州 350001
  • 收稿日期:2017-01-15 出版日期:2017-10-30 发布日期:2018-01-08
  • 通讯作者: 程由注
  • 基金资助:
    福建省漳州市自然科学基金(No. ZZ2017J09);漳州市重大科技计划项目(No. ZZ2017ZD05)

Morphological observation of Sinopotamon pinghense and investigation of its infection with metacercariae of Euparagonimus cenocopiosus in Liudou Mountain Natural Reserve in Fujian Province

Mao-rong CAI1, Guo-hua LIN2, Jin-zhong CHEN1, Jun LUO1, Ming-song HUANG2, Yan DENG3, You-zhu CHENG4,*()   

  1. 1 Zhangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhangzhou 363000
    2 Longhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Longhai 363100
    3 Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016
    4 Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350001
  • Received:2017-01-15 Online:2017-10-30 Published:2018-01-08
  • Contact: You-zhu CHENG
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the Zhangzhou Natural Science Foundation of Fujian(No. ZZ2017J09) and Zhangzhou Key Project of Science and Technology Plan(No: ZZ2017ZD05)

摘要:

目的 调查南靖县六斗山自然保护区平和华溪蟹(Sinopotamon pinghense)感染并殖吸虫情况,且补充描述其形态学特征。方法 2016年11月和2017年5月分别在福建省西南部南靖县六斗山自然保护区外围溪流(X1溪)和区内溪流(X2溪)采集溪蟹标本,考察其孳生地环境,用GPS仪记录采集地点,根据溪蟹的形态学特征鉴定蟹种,并对平和华溪蟹进行形态学描述,同时拍照、绘图。采用直接压片法剖检蟹体心腔感染的囊蚴情况,并对囊蚴进行形态学鉴定。计算X1、X2溪两组,以及大、中、小3组溪蟹的囊蚴感染率,应用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 共采集89只溪蟹,经形态学鉴定均为平和华溪蟹,观察可见,雄性第1腹肢超越5、6胸甲缝,末节指向前外方,末节形状不规则,末节基部圆隆,并向前端趋窄而明显收缩,末节末端中央缺刻状凹入,分为两叶,背面可辨纵向裂隙沟,末第2节内缘方角状,而外缘明显下斜。其中X1溪16只,X2溪73只。X2溪大蟹31只(占42.5%),中蟹23只(占31.5%),小蟹19只(占26.0%)。感染的囊蚴均为三平正并殖吸虫(Euparagonimus cenocopiosus),X1、X2溪溪蟹感染率分别为17.7%(3/16)和86.3%(63/73),两者差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 29.817,P < 0.05)。X1、X2溪阳性溪蟹平均感染度分别为1.7和11.6个囊蚴/只,X2溪阳性溪蟹感染度是X1溪的6.9倍。X2溪中溪蟹共检获囊蚴742个,最多1只溪蟹检获囊蚴数高达79个。X2溪大、中、小溪蟹囊蚴感染率分别为100%(31/31)、82.6%(19/23)和68.4%(13/19),差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 31.620,P < 0.05)。结论 六斗山自然保护区特定环境下构成重度感染的三平正并殖吸虫自然疫源地。对平和华溪蟹形态学补充描述,为与近似种华溪蟹鉴别提供基础资料。

关键词: 平和华溪蟹, 形态学, 生态环境, 三平正并殖吸虫, 囊蚴, 感染

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the infection of Sinopotamon pinghense with Euparagonimus metacercariae in Liudou Mountain Natural Reserve in Nanjing County and the morphology of S. pinghense. Methods Samples of S. pinghense crabs were collected from the streams outside (X1) and inside(X2) the Liudou Mountain Natural Reserve from November 2016 to May 2017, the place of collection and environmental factors of the habitats were recorded by GPS. The E. cenocopiosus metacercariae in the heart of the crabs were morphologically observed with the direct compression method. The metacercariae infection rates were compared between crabs from X1 and X2 streams, and among large, medium-sized, and small crabs. Data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 software. The S. pinghense crabs were morphologically observed and photos were taken. Results The infection rates of E. cenocopiosus in S. pinghense from X1 and X2 streams were 17.7%(3/16) and 86.3%(63/73), respectively, with a significant difference(χ2 = 29.817, P < 0.05). The average intensity of infection was 1.7 metacercariae per crab in X1 and 11.6 in X2, with the latter being 6.9 folds of the former. A total of 742 metacercariae were collected from X2, with the maximum number of 79 metacercariae in one crab. The intensity of infection in large crabs was 2.6 and 5.8 times of those in medium-sized and small crabs, respectively. The infection rates in large, medium-sized, and small crabs in X2 were 100% (31/31), 82.6% (19/23) and 68.4% (13/19), respectively (χ2 = 31.620, P < 0.05). The first male pleopod of S. pinghense reached beyond sutures of chest 5/6. Its irregularly-shaped terminal segment pointed towards the outer front direction, had a round base, and became narrower rostrally. The terminal segment was divided into 2 lobes by a longitudinal fissure, which was clearly seen from the backside. The inner margin of the subterminal segment displayed as a square angle while the outer edge was oblique. Conclusion The Liudou Mountain Natural Reserve in Nanjing County is a new natural spot with E. cenocopiosus infection. The new morphological findings of S. pinghense provides basis for identifying similar species of Sinopotamidae.

Key words: Sinopotamon Pinghense, Morphology, Ecotope, Euparagonimus cenocopiosus, Metacercariae, infection

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