中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

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新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州细粒棘球蚴病流行病学调查

陈晓英1,玉苏布江·赛提瓦尔1,伊斯拉音·乌斯曼2 *   

  1. 1克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州地方病防治研究所,阿图什845350;2新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830002
  • 出版日期:2016-10-30 发布日期:2016-11-09

Epidemiological Studies on Echinococcosis in Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang

CHEN Xiao-ying1, Yusupjan SETIWALDI1, Yisilayin OSMAN2*   

  1. 1 Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, Atux 845350, China;2 Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China
  • Online:2016-10-30 Published:2016-11-09

摘要: 目的 了解新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州(简称克州)细粒棘球蚴病的流行情况,为该地区棘球蚴病的防治提供依据。 方法 2011-2012年,在克州的乌恰县、阿图什市、阿克陶县和阿合奇县等4县(市)共抽取农业区和牧业区19个乡(镇)的62个行政村作为调查点。对各调查点的所有常驻居民采用常规腹部B超检查棘球蚴病患病情况,用ELISA检测6~12岁儿童血清抗棘球蚴抗体水平。采集家犬新鲜粪便,ELISA检测犬粪样中棘球绦虫抗原。调查4县(市)的屠宰厂,用触摸和肉眼观察屠宰家畜的棘球蚴包囊情况。 结果 克州4县(市)共B超检查12 000人,患病者60例,均为细粒棘球蚴病,患病检出率为0.5%(60/12 000),其中乌恰县最高,为1.1%(35/3 200),与阿图什市(0.5%,13/2 400)、阿克陶县(0.2%,8/3 200)和阿合奇县(0.1%,4/3 200)的比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.92~24.79,P<0.05)。患病检出率以≥71岁年龄组最高,为1.2%(4/323);0~10岁年龄组次之,为0.9%(3/350),各年龄组间的比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.39~3.31,P>0.05)。儿童血清学调查结果显示,抗体阳性率为3.1%(230/7 338),其中阿图什市最高,为4.9%(89/1 828),与阿克陶县(2.9%,56/1 927)和乌恰县(0.7%,11/1 639)的比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.71,54.34,P<0.05)。犬粪抗原阳性率为3.3%(74/2 219)。屠宰家畜调查结果显示,患病检出率为7.7%(291/3 769),其中以羊占最多,为97.3%(283/291)。 结论 克州细粒棘球蚴病人群患病检出率以乌恰县最高(1.1%),儿童血清学抗体阳性率以阿图什市最高(4.9%),并存在患病家畜和感染犬。

关键词: 棘球蚴病, 流行病学调查, 新疆维吾尔自治区, 克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州

Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence and characteristics of echinococcosis in Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture(abbreviated as Kizilsu) of Xinjiang, in the aim of providing evidence for prevention and treatment of echinococcosis. Methods Sixty-two villages were selected as investigation spots from 19 towns in agricultural and pasturing areas of Ulugqat County, Artux City, Akto County, and Akqi County during 2011-2012. Ultrasound abdominal scan was performed in all residents in these spots to examine the occurance of echinococcosis. ELISA was performed to detect the echinococcosis-specific antibody in sera from children of 6-12 years and the antigen of Echinococcus granulosus in freshly-collected dog feces. Hydatid cysts in viscera of at slaughterhouses in the four spots were examined by touching and visual observation. Results Ultrasound was conducted in 12 000 residents, among whom 60 were found to be positive for echinococcosis(echinococcosis granulosa), with a morbidity of 0.5%(60/12 000). The morbidity in Ulugqat County was 1.1%(35/3 200), significantly higher than that in Artux City(0.5%, 13/2 400), Akto County(0.2%, 8/3 200), and Akqi County(0.1%, 4/3 200)(χ2=4.92-24.79, P<0.05). The morbidity was highest in residents ≥71 years(1.2%, 4/323), followed by the age group of 0-10 years(0.9%, 3/350), but with no significant difference among age groups(χ2=0.39-3.31, P>0.05). The serum antibody positive rate in children was 3.1%(230/7 338), highest in Artux City(4.9%, 89/1 828) with significant difference in comparison to Akto County(2.9%, 56/1 927), and Akqi County(0.7%, 11/1 639)(χ2=9.71, 54.34, P<0.05). The hydatid cyst rate in livestock was 7.7%(291/3 769), of which 97.3%(283/291) were in sheep. The antigen positive rate in dog feces was 3.3%(74/2 219). Conclusion The morbidity(1.1%) was highest in Ulugqat County and the antibody positive rate(4.9%) in children was highest in Artux City. Infection was found in livestock and dogs.

Key words: Echinococcosis, Epidemiology, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture