中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2008, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 5-348.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

西藏林芝地区墨脱县疟疾流行情况调查

张再兴1,周红宁1,赵晓涛1,常富兴2,王洪举3,李晓菊3,卓玛央金3,次仁曲珍4,边玛卓玛4,桑丹拉姆5,张伟5,永建5,徐惠梅5,边疆6,王立英7   

  1. 1 云南省寄生虫病防治所,云南省疟疾研究中心,大理学院病原与媒介生物研究所,普洱 665000; 2 中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预预防控制所,世界卫生组织疟疾、血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心,上海 200025; 3 西藏自治区林芝地区疾病预防控制中心,林芝 860500;4 西藏自治区墨脱县卫生局,墨脱 860700; 5 西藏自治区墨脱县疾病预防控制中心,墨脱 860700; 6 西藏自治区墨脱县人民医院,墨脱 860700; 7 中华人民共和国卫生部疾病控制局血吸虫病防治管理处,北京 100044
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-10-31 发布日期:2008-10-31
  • 通讯作者: 张再兴

Epidemiological Survey on Malaria Situation in Motuo County of Tibet,China

ZHANG Zai-xing1,ZHOU Hong-ning1,ZHAO Xiao-tao1,CHANG Fu-xing2,WANG Hong-ju3,LI Xiao-ju3,ZHUOMA Yang-jin3,CIREN Quzhen4,BIANMA Zuoma4,SANGDAN Lamu5,ZHANG Wei5,YONG Jian5,XU Hui-mei5,BIAN Jiang6,WANG Li-ying7

  

  1. 1 Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Yunnan Center for Malaria Research,Dali University Institute for Pathogens and Vectors,Yunnan 665000,China; 2 National Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria,Schistosomiasis and Filariasis,Shanghai 200025,China; 3 Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Linzhi Prefecture,Linzhi 860500,China;4 Health Bureau of Motuo County,Moutou 860700,China; 5 Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Motuo County,Motuo 860700,China; 6 People′s Hospital of Motuo County,Moutou 860700,China; 7 Division for Schistosomiasis Control Management,Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention,Ministry of Health,Beijing 100044,China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-10-31 Published:2008-10-31
  • Contact: ZHANG Zai-xing1

摘要: 目的 调查西藏林芝地区墨脱县疟疾流行情况。 方法 2006年7月选择墨脱县的墨脱、德兴和背崩等3个重点乡(镇)各2自然村进行居民2年内疟史调查,采耳垂血制厚薄血片和滤纸血滴进行血检、间接荧光抗体试验(IFAT)和葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺乏的检测;用疟疾快速诊断卡对发热病人进行检测。夜间人和畜房诱蚊灯诱捕、白天在按蚊栖息场所诱捕和半通宵室内外人饵诱捕进行媒介按蚊调查,捕获的蚊虫经分类鉴定后,计算蚊虫种类构成比和叮人率;并用ELISA检测部分按蚊唾液腺子孢子感染情况。 结果 调查点居民2年内有疟史率平均为8.98%(118/1 314);居民血检阳性率为3.13%(38/1 216),发热病人血检阳性率为7.14%(3/42),均为间日疟原虫感染;IFAT抗体阳性率为40.24%(472/1 173);G6PD缺乏检出率为1.74%(21/1 208)。共捕获4种按蚊513只,分别为多斑按蚊(474只)、带足按蚊(35只)、可赫按蚊(3只)和中华按蚊(1只),其中多斑按蚊为优势蚊种,占92.40%(474/513)。多斑按蚊的人房和畜房平均密度分别为4.75和69.5只/夜,室外半通宵叮人率为22.75只/人,多斑按蚊唾液腺子孢子阳性率为0。 结论 墨脱县存在间日疟流行。

关键词: 墨脱县, 疟疾, 流行病学, 调查, 西藏

Abstract: Objective To make an epidemiological investigation on malaria in Motuo County,Linzhi Prefecture of Tibet. Methods In July of the year 2006,the following activities were conducted in 2 selected villages from each of the three townships,i.e.,Motuo,Dexing and Beibeng:malaria history survey among inhabitants in recent 2 years; collection of blood samples of inhabitants for examining malaria parasites,IFAT and detecting G6PD,respectively; mosquito collection in human dwellings and cattle shelters at night and various resting sites at day-time; mosquito collection by outdoor human baiting capture; classification and composition calculation of mosquito species and manbiting rates; ELISA for detecting sporozoite infection of Anopheles. Results The mean rate of two-year malaria history was 8.98%(118/1 314) and the parasite rate was 3.13%(38/1 216, all P. vivax) in the inhabitants. The parasite positive rate among the feverish patients was 7.14%(3/42). IFAT revealed a malaria antibody rate of 40.24%(472/1 173). The G6PD deficiency rate was 1.74%(21/1 208). Five hundred and thirteen anopheline mosquitoes were caught. They were An. maculatus(474) which occupied 92.4%(474/513), An. peditaeniatus(35),An. kochi(3)and An. sinensis(1). The mean indoor density of An. maculatus was 4.75/night in human houses,and 69.5/night in cattle shelters. The outdoor human biting rate was 22.75/half-night/person,and the sporozoite rate of An. maculatus in anopheline saliva glands was 0 by ELISA. Conclusion Motuo County is an endemic area of vivax malaria with An. maculatus as the potential vector.

Key words: Motuo County, Malaria, Epidemiology, Survey, Tibet