中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 48-54.doi: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2019.01.009

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2015-2017年山东省输入性疟疾的流行病学分析

许艳(), 王用斌, 赵长磊, 卜秀芹, 王龙江, 孔祥礼*()   

  1. 山东省寄生虫病防治研究所,济宁 272033
  • 收稿日期:2018-08-03 出版日期:2019-02-28 发布日期:2019-03-18
  • 通讯作者: 孔祥礼
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:许艳(1984-),女,硕士,助理研究员,从事寄生虫病研究。E-mail:betty860927@126.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(No. 81871685,No. 81672059);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(No. 2016WS0391);山东省医学科学院基金(No. 2015-56)

Epidemiological analysis on malaria cases reported in Shandong Province during 2015-2017

Yan XU(), Yong-bin WANG, Chang-lei ZHAO, Xiu-qin BU, Long-jiang WANG, Xiang-li KONG*()   

  1. Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jining 272033, China
  • Received:2018-08-03 Online:2019-02-28 Published:2019-03-18
  • Contact: Xiang-li KONG
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 81871685, No. 81672059), Shandong Medical and Health Science and Technology Development Programme(No. 2016WS0391)and Foundation of Shandong Academy of Medical Science(No. 2015-56)

摘要:

目的 了解山东省输入性疟疾流行病学特征,为制定有针对性的防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 收集2015-2017年山东省疟疾疫情资料及疟疾病例个案调查资料,采用SPSS 18.0统计学软件对疟疾病例诊断情况及流行特征进行统计分析。结果 2015-2017年山东省共报告输入性疟疾病例676例,其中境外输入675例(99.85%),省外输入1例(0.15%);96.75%(654/676)的病例由非洲输入,主要来自赤道几内亚(143例,21.87%)和安哥拉(85例,13.00%)。所有病例均为实验室确诊病例,其中恶性疟514例(76.04%)、间日疟66例(9.76%)、卵形疟76例(11.24%)、三日疟20例(2.96%)、无混合感染病例。报告病例中发病当日就诊的195例(28.85%),超过3 d就诊的258例(38.17%);初诊被诊断为其他疾病的214例(31.66%)。病例首诊确诊的253例(37.43%),超过3 d确诊的222例(32.84%)。经省级疾病预防控制中心复核,病例报告单位对网报的恶性疟、间日疟、卵形疟和三日疟病例的虫种判定准确率分别为97.49%(504/517)、67.86%(57/84)、90.91%(50/55)和11/12。65例重症病例当日就诊率和首诊确诊率分别为26.15%(17/65)和27.69%(18/65)。按报告地分,全省17个市均有病例报告,其中济宁、泰安、威海、烟台、青岛和济南等6市共报告502例,占全省总报告病例数的74.26%。按现住址分,全省17个市均有输入性病例分布,其中泰安、烟台、威海、济宁和青岛等5市共报告病例401例,占全省总报告病例数的59.32%。病例以青壮年男性为主;年龄最小16岁,最大65岁,年龄中位数为41岁;职业以农民为主(422例,62.43%)。结论 2015-2017年山东省报告的输入性疟疾病例数为676例,96.75%由非洲输入,当日就诊率和首诊确诊率均较低。

关键词: 疟疾, 流行病学分析, 山东省

Abstract:

Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics of malaria cases reported in Shandong Province, so as to provide scientific evidence for better prevention and control of malaria. Methods The data of malaria reported in Shandong Province during 2015-2017 were collected from the Information Management System for Infectious Diseases Report and Information Management System for Parasitic Diseases Control and Prevention, and the clinical manifestations of malaria cases were collected and statistically analyzed by SPSS 18.0. Results Among 676 malaria cases reported during 2015-2017, 99.85% (675/676) were imported and most of them were imported from African countries (96.75%, 654/676), mainly from Equatorial Guinea(143, 21.87%)and Angola(85, 13.00%). All cases were laboratory confirmed with 76.04% of Plasmodium falciparum infection and 9.76% of P. vivax infection. About 1/4 patients (28.85%, 195/676) went to visit doctor on the first day with symptoms, while 38.17% (258/676) of patients went to visit doctor three or more days after they had symptoms. About 1/3 of patients were diagnosed as malaria at the first doctor visit (37.43%, 253/676) and 1/3 misdiagnosed as other diseases(31.66%, 214/676), and another 1/3 were diagnosed as malaria 3 days after the first visit (32.84%, 222/676). The accuracy for diagnoses of P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae infections were 97.49%(504/517), 67.86% (57/84), 90.91% (50/55) and 91.67% (11/12), respectively, after being re-confirmed by provincial experts. Among 65 severe malaria patients only 17 went to see doctor on the first day with clinical symptoms(26.15%) and 18 patients were diagnosed as malaria at the first visit (27.69%). 17 cities reported malaria cases during the period (2015-2017) and 74.26% (502/676) of the total malaria cases were reported in 6 cities (Jining, Tai’an, Weihai, Yantai, Qingdao and Jinan). The imported cases were reported in all 17 cities and most of them (59.32%, 401/676) distributed in 5 cities (Tai’an, Yantai, Weihai, Jining and Qingdao). More young and middle-aged men were infected. The minimum age was 16 years old, the maximum age was 65, and the median age was 41 years old. They were mainly peasants(422,62.43%). Conclusions Total 676 malaria cases were reported in Shandong Province during 2015-2017 and 96.75% of them were imported from Africa. The rates for going to see doctor on the first day with clinical symptoms and the accurate diagnosis with malaria on the first visit were low.

Key words: Malaria, Epidemiological analysis, Shandong Province

中图分类号: