中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 278-284.doi: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2022.03.002
收稿日期:
2021-12-14
修回日期:
2022-01-10
出版日期:
2022-06-30
发布日期:
2022-07-06
通讯作者:
张龙现
作者简介:
陈远才(1993-),男,博士研究生,从事人兽共患肠道原虫病防控研究。E-mail: 2546070427@qq.com
基金资助:
CHEN Yuan-cai(), HUANG Jian-ying, LI Jun-qiang, ZHANG Long-xian(
)
Received:
2021-12-14
Revised:
2022-01-10
Online:
2022-06-30
Published:
2022-07-06
Contact:
ZHANG Long-xian
Supported by:
摘要:
在全球范围内,大多数微小隐孢子虫亚型为人兽共感染虫株。奶牛是微小隐孢子虫自然感染的重要宿主,也是人隐孢子虫病的重要传染来源。本文阐述了奶牛源微小隐孢子虫分子流行病学研究进展,分析中国奶牛源微小隐孢子虫Ⅱd亚型的分布特征和多样性分布规律,探讨Ⅱd亚型变异发展趋势,这对微小隐孢子虫病的防控具有重要意义。
中图分类号:
陈远才, 黄建营, 李俊强, 张龙现. 中国奶牛源微小隐孢子虫分子流行病学及其亚型分布[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2022, 40(3): 278-284.
CHEN Yuan-cai, HUANG Jian-ying, LI Jun-qiang, ZHANG Long-xian. Molecular epidemiology and subtype distribution of Cryptosporidium parvum from dairy cattle in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2022, 40(3): 278-284.
表1
常见的微小隐孢子虫亚型分型基因[8⇓-10]
位点(缩写) | 片段大小/bp | 多态特性 |
---|---|---|
微卫星 | ||
GP60 | 800~850 | TCA, TCG, TCT |
CP47 | 380~500 | TAA, TGA/TAG |
Chom3T | 480~680 | 单核苷酸多态性 |
MSC6-5 | 389~443 | TCT/TCC |
ML2 | 约340 | GA |
小卫星 | ||
HSP70 | 1 030~1 100 | 12 bp, 单核苷酸多态性 |
MSC6-7 | 545~564 | 15 bp |
Mucin1 | 650~900 | 63 bp |
DZ-HRGP | 590~640 | 30 bp |
RPGR | 400~460 | 18 bp |
单核苷酸多态性 | ||
ZPT | 约630 | 单核苷酸多态性 |
CP56 | 660~750 | 单核苷酸多态性 |
表2
奶牛源微小隐孢子虫在全球的流行情况
国家 | 样品数量/头 | 阳性数量/头 | 感染率/% | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|
亚洲 | ||||
日本 | 130 | 35 | 26.92 | [ |
巴基斯坦 | 250 | 68 | 27.20 | [ |
泰国 | 1 342 | 81 | 6.04 | [ |
伊朗 | 272 | 37 | 13.60 | [ |
印度 | 724 | 135 | 18.64 | [ |
土耳其 | 192 | 42 | 21.88 | [ |
韩国 | 21 | 2 | 9.52 | [ |
欧洲 | ||||
瑞典 | 494 | 37 | 7.49 | [ |
捷克共和国 | 5 268 | 559 | 10.61 | [ |
西班牙 | 1 021 | 251 | 24.58 | [ |
英国 | 1 110 | 296 | 26.67 | [ |
匈牙利 | 79 | 21 | 26.58 | [ |
塞尔维亚 | 103 | 62 | 60.19 | [ |
比利时 | 499 | 67 | 13.43 | [ |
丹麦 | 366 | 80 | 21.86 | [ |
葡萄牙 | 183 | 137 | 74.86 | [ |
罗马尼亚 | 84 | 10 | 11.90 | [ |
法国 | 968 | 402 | 41.53 | [ |
非洲 | ||||
赞比亚 | 250 | 22 | 8.80 | [ |
突尼斯 | 30 | 7 | 23.33 | [ |
埃及 | 344 | 40 | 11.63 | [ |
科尼亚 | 1 734 | 17 | 0.98 | [ |
苏丹 | 149 | 39 | 26.17 | [ |
阿尔及利亚 | 694 | 34 | 4.90 | [ |
埃塞俄比亚 | 392 | 19 | 4.85 | [ |
北美洲 | ||||
加拿大 | 2 439 | 630 | 25.83 | [ |
墨西哥 | 512 | 128 | 25.00 | [ |
美国 | 3 510 | 469 | 17.01 | [ |
南美洲 | ||||
巴西 | 1 785 | 215 | 12.04 | [ |
哥伦比亚 | 432 | 71 | 16.44 | [ |
大洋洲 | ||||
新西兰 | 2 220 | 222 | 10.00 | [ |
澳大利亚 | 686 | 193 | 28.13 | [ |
表3
中国不同省(直辖市、自治区)奶牛源微小隐孢子虫的亚型分布
省(直辖市、 自治区) | 亚型(/个) | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|
北京 | ⅡdA15G1(4),ⅡdA17G1(1), ⅡdA19G1(1) | [ |
甘肃 | ⅡdA15G1(2),ⅡdA19G1(4) | [ |
广东 | ⅡdA19G1(15) | [ |
河北 | ⅡdA19G1(5),ⅡdA20G1(53) | [ |
河南 | ⅡdA19G1(130)a | [ |
黑龙江 | ⅡdA15G1(24),ⅡdA19G1(21), ⅡdA20G1(53) | [ |
吉林 | ⅡdA19G1(1) | [ |
江苏 | ⅡdA19G1(79) | [ |
辽宁 | ⅡdA19G1(40) | [ |
宁夏 | ⅡdA15G1(147)a,ⅡdA20G1(1)a | [ |
山东 | ⅡdA15G1(1)a,ⅡdA19G1(5)a, ⅡdA21G1(4)a | |
上海 | ⅡdA19G1(67) | [ |
四川 | ⅡdA15G1(7) | [ |
天津 | ⅡdA19G1(5) | [ |
新疆 | ⅡdA14G1(113),ⅡdA15G1(177),ⅡdA19G1(13),ⅡdA20G1(21) | [ |
合计 | ⅡdA14G1(113),ⅡdA15G1(362),ⅡdA17G1(1),ⅡdA19G1(386), ⅡdA20G1(128),ⅡdA21G1(4) |
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