中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2017, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 515-519.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2016年全国疟疾疫情分析

张丽, 丰俊*(), 张少森, 姜杉, 夏志贵, 周水森   

  1. 中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所,世界卫生组织热带病合作中心,科技部国家级热带病国际联合研究中心,卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,上海 200025
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-22 出版日期:2017-12-30 发布日期:2018-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 丰俊

Malaria situation in the People’s Republic of China in 2016

Li ZHANG, Jun FENG*(), Shao-sen ZHANG, Shan JIANG, Zhi-gui XIA, Shui-sen ZHOU   

  1. National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Minisitry of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, MOH Shanghai 200025, China
  • Received:2017-11-22 Online:2017-12-30 Published:2018-01-10
  • Contact: Jun FENG

摘要:

目的 分析2016年全国疟疾疫情特征,为消除疟疾策略和措施的有效实施提供科学依据。方法 收集2016年31个省(直辖市、自治区,未包括台湾、香港和澳门地区)的疟疾疫情数据资料,使用Microsoft Excel 2010软件对疫情概况、地区分布、虫种构成、诊断分型和感染来源进行统计和分析。结果 2016年全国30个省(直辖市、自治区)687个县(市、区)共报告疟疾病例3 321例,较2015年(3 288例)上升了1.0%;病例主要分布在云南(占12.4%,413/3 321)、四川(占9.8%,327/3 321)、江苏(占9.3%,308/3 321)、广西(占9.2%,305/3 321)和山东(占7.7%,256/3 321)等5个省(自治区)。报告的3 321例疟疾病例中,本地感染病例3例(占0.1%,3/3 321),均为间日疟,感染地分别为云南盈江县(2例)和西藏察隅县(1例);境外输入性病例3 317例(占99.9%,3 317/3 321),分布在全国30个省(直辖市、自治区);因输血感染病例1例,为恶性疟,由江苏省报告。临床诊断病例15例(占0.5%,15/3 321),确诊病例3 306例(占99.5%,3 306/3 321),其中间日疟712例(占21.5%,712/3 306),恶性疟2 158例(占65.3%,2 158/3 306),三日疟64例(占1.9%,64/3 306),卵形疟311例(占9.4%,311/3 306),混合感染61例(占1.8%,61/3 306)。14个省(直辖市、自治区)报告重症病例185例(占5.6%,185/3 321),8个省(直辖市、自治区)报告死亡病例15例(占0.5%,15/3 321)。结论 2016年报告病例中99.9%为境外输入性疟疾病例,本地疟疾传播主要在云南边境地区和西藏林芝地区。应加强境外输入性疟疾的监测和管理,防止引起当地继发传播。

关键词: 中国, 疟疾, 疫情

Abstract:

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of malaria in China in 2016 so as to provide evidence-based proof for target interventions on malaria elimination. Methods The data of Malaria Annual Reporting System in 2016 were collected. And the epidemic situation, regional distribution, species composition, diagnosis type and infection source were analyzed by Microsoft Excel 2010 software. Results Totally 3 321 malaria cases were reported in 687 counties of 30 Provinces/Municipalities/Autonomous Regions (P/M/As) in 2016, which was increased by 1.0% compared with that in 2015(3 288). The cases were reported primarily from Provinces of Yunnan (12.4%, 413/3 321), Sichuan (9.8%, 327/3 321), Jiangsu (9.3%, 308/3 321), Guangxi (9.2%, 305/3 321) and Shandong (7.7%, 256/3 321). Of all the cases, 3(0.1%, 3/3 321) P. vivax cases were indigenous, from Yingjiang county of Yunnan (2) and Chayu county of Tibet (1). Meanwhile, 3 317 (99.9%, 3 317/3 321) cases distributed in the 30 P/M/As. A transfusion-transmitted P. falciparum case was reported in Jiangsu Province. In addition, 15 (0.5%, 15/3 321) cases were diagnosed clinically, and 3 306 (99.5%, 3 306/3 321) of the reported cases were confirmed in reference laboratories, comprising 712 P. vivax cases(21.5%, 712/3 306) , 2 158 P. falciparum cases (65.3%, 2 158/3 306), 64 P. malariae cases (1.9%, 64/3 306), 311 P. ovale cases (9.4%, 311/3 306) and 61 mixed-infection cases(1.8%, 61/3 306). Furthermore, 185 cases (5.6%, 185/3 321) with severe clinical symptoms were reported in 14 P/M/As, with 15 deaths (0.5%, 15/3 321) in 8 P/M/As. Conclusion The local transmission of malaria has been effectively controlled, though malaria elimination in the border areas of Yunnan Province and Linzhi Prefecture of Tibet Autonomous Region are still challenging. It is needed to strengthen the monitoring and management of imported cases, and to make risk assessment for possible malaria re-transmission.

Key words: China, Malaria, Annual incidence

中图分类号: