中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

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新疆南疆地区6~12岁儿童棘球蚴病患病情况调查

赵江山,侯岩岩*,张海亭,茹孜古丽·朱马洪   

  1. 新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐 830002
  • 出版日期:2016-08-30 发布日期:2016-11-07

Hydatidosis Prevalence in 6- to 12-year-old Children#br# in Southern Xinjiang

ZHAO Jiang-shan,HOU Yan-yan*,ZHANG Hai-ting,Ruziguli-Zhumahong   

  1. Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China
  • Online:2016-08-30 Published:2016-11-07

摘要:

目的 了解新疆南疆地区6~12岁儿童棘球蚴病患病情况,为制定相关防治策略提供科学依据。 方法 2012年8月-2013年9月采取整群分层抽样方法对新疆南疆5地(州)42个县(市)按照牧区、半农牧区、农区和城镇每层各抽取1所小学,在家长知情同意的情况下,对抽样小学的所有儿童(6~12岁)进行腹部B型超声检查和采集静脉血(5 ml),用ELISA检测棘球蚴病血清IgG抗体水平。分析该年龄段儿童的棘球蚴病的患病和血清抗体阳性情况。 结果 共调查168所小学80 429名儿童。B超检查结果显示,棘球蚴病患病者9例,患病率为0.01%;分布在克州3例、阿克苏地区2例、巴州2例、喀什地区2例。ELISA检测结果显示,血清抗体阳性者4 189例,阳性率为5.21%,其中喀什地区儿童血清抗体阳性率最高,为8.41%(2 143/25 495),阿克苏地区次之(5.69%,913/16 051),不同地区(州)之间的差异有统计学意义(χ2=977.303,P<0.01);6岁组血清抗体阳性率最低,为2.13%(44/2 065);11岁组最高,为5.68%(822/14 462),各年龄组之间的差异有统计学意义(χ2=48.221,P<0.01);调查儿童涉及28个民族,血清抗体阳性率以维吾尔族儿童最高,为5.19%(3 899/75 115),蒙古族的次之(4.27%,68/1 592),不同民族间的差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.072,P>0.05)。生活方式以定居、游牧、冬季定居夏季游牧为主,定居儿童患病7例,冬季定居夏季游牧儿童患病2例;血清抗体阳性率分别为5.45%(4 184/77 512)、2.97%(3/101)、0.07%(2/2 816),三者差异有统计学意义(χ2=148.609,P<0.01)。 结论 新疆南疆地区6~12岁儿童棘球蚴病患病率较低,血清抗体阳性率在喀什地区、维吾尔族、定居儿童中较高。

关键词: 新疆南疆地区, 棘球蚴病, 儿童, 流行病学

Abstract:

Objective To understand the hydatidosis prevalence in 6- to 12-year-old children in southern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and provide scientific basis for formulation of control measures. Methods One primary school was selected from each of the pastoral area, pastoral-agricultural area, agricultural area, and township area in 42 counties (cities) of southern Xinjiang, using the stratified sampling method. With the consent of their parents, B ultrasonic abdominal scan and venous blood collection were performed on all the children (6-12 years) in the selected schools. Serum level of echinococcus antibody IgG was determined by ELISA. Hydatidosis prevalence and the serum level of IgG in these children were analyzed. Results A total of 80 429 children were examined from 168 primary schools. B ultrasonic scan revealed hydatidosis in 9 children (0.01%), comprising 3 cases in Kezhou, 2 in Aksu, 2 in Bazhou, and 2 in Kashi. ELISA results showed that 4 189 children were positive for serum IgG, with a positive rate of 5.21%. The positive rate was highest in Kashi (8.41%, 2 143/25 495), followed by Aksu (5.69%, 913/16 051), with significant difference between different areas (χ2=977.303, P<0.01). The positive rate was lowest in 6-year children (2.13%, 44/2 065) and highest in 11-year children (5.68%, 822/14 462) (χ2=48.221, P<0.01). In addition, the positive rate was highest in Uighur children(5.19%, 3 899/75 115), followed by Mongolian children (4.27%, 68/1 592), with no significant difference between ethnic groups (χ2=4.072, P>0.05). Among the children of residents, children with a nomadic lifestyle, and children settled in winter and living in a nomadic lifestyle in summer, hydatidosis occurred in 7 residents and 2 children who settled in winter and living in a nomadic lifestyle in summer; and the positive rate of serum antibody was 5.45% (184/77 512), 2.97% (3/101), 0.07% (2/2 816), respectively(χ2=148.609, P<0.01). Conclusion There is a low hydatidosis prevalence in 6- to 12-year-old children in southern Xinjiang, but the positive rate of serum echinococcus IgG in kashgar region, Uighur ethnicity, and children of the resident group are relatively high.

Key words: Southern Xinjiang, Echinococcosis, Children, Epidemiology