关键词: 疟疾, 流行病学特征, 贵州

Abstract:

To understand the malaria epidemiological characteristics in Guizhou Province from 2017 to 2021, the malaria endemic data and individual case information in Guizhou from 2017 to 2021 were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistical methods, species of Plasmodium, source of infection, distribution of cases, clinical visits and diagnosis were analyzed. According to the analysis, 84 malaria cases were reported in Guizhou from 2017 to 2021. Most cases were P. falciparum infection (69.0%, 58/84). All the cases were imported from overseas, 91.7% (77/84) of which were imported from African countries and others were imported from Asia and Oceania. The cases were reported throughout the year, particularly higher in January (15.5%, 13/84). All the cities in Guizhou Province had malaria cases reported, of which Guiyang had the highest number of reported cases (41.7%, 35/84). Of all the reported cases, 92.9% (78/84) were male, and 69.0% (58/84) were aged 30 to 49; 73.8% of the cases were initially diagnosed as malaria. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at the county level had the highest diagnostic accuracy (15/15). The median interval from the onset of symptoms to initial diagnosis was 1 day, and from initial diagnosis to final diagnosis was 3 days. All the cases were reported timely within 1 day after diagnosis, 90.5% (76/84) were undertaken epidemiological investigation within 3 days after reporting, then 98.8% (83/84) of the epidemic sites were surveyed and performed prevention measures within 7 days. This study suggested that to consolidate the achievement of malaria elimination in Guizhou, continuous surveillance of imported malaria cases and regulated disposal measures should be maintained, and the diagnostic and tertiary care capacity should be improved.

Key words: Malaria, Epidemiological characteristic, Guizhou