疟疾控制与消除中血清学监测方法的研究与应用进展

doi:10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2021.06.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

准确的监测数据对开展疟疾控制、消除和消除后防止再传播工作至关重要。近年来高灵敏度的血清学监测方法不断发展和优化,特别是基于磁珠和蛋白质芯片的多重免疫分析技术,使得评估低流行区疟疾暴露风险、分析暴露的相关因素和空间异质性等成为可能。本文综述了血清学监测方法在疟疾控制与消除中的研究和应用进展,以为疟疾消除和消除后监测提供更适合的方法学工具。

关键词: 疟疾, 血清学方法, 监测, 控制与消除

Abstract:

Accurate surveillance data is essential for malaria control, elimination and prevention of transmission re-establishment in the post-elimination phase. In recent years, highly sensitive sero-surveillance methods have been developed and optimized, particularly the magnetic bead-based multiplex immunoassay and protein microarray technique, which make it possible to assess the risk of malaria exposure in low-transmission areas, analyze exposure-related factors and spatial heterogeneity. This article reviews the research and application progress of sero-surveillance methods in malaria control and elimination, providing more suitable methodological tools for malaria surveillance in the elimination and post-elimination phase.

Key words: Malaria, Serological methods, Surveillance, Control and elimination

中图分类号:

R531.3

崔延雯, 黄芳, 尹建海, 夏志贵. 疟疾控制与消除中血清学监测方法的研究与应用进展[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2021, 39(6): 836-841.

CUI Yan-wen, HUANG Fang, YIN Jian-hai, XIA Zhi-gui. Research and application progress of sero-surveillance methods in malaria control and elimination[J]. Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, 2021, 39(6): 836-841.

图/表 1

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抗原名称	虫种	位置	特点	应用
裂殖子顶端膜抗原1	间日疟原虫/恶性疟原虫	裂殖子	高免疫原性,抗体半衰期长	反映低流行区累积暴露和近期暴露
裂殖子表面蛋白-1₁₉	间日疟原虫/恶性疟原虫	裂殖子	交叉反应性低,抗体半衰期长	反映低流行区累积暴露和近期暴露
环子孢子蛋白	间日疟原虫/恶性疟原虫	子孢子	红细胞期抗体含量低	反映频繁或近期暴露
谷氨酸富集蛋白R0	恶性疟原虫	裂殖子	敏感性和特异性高	反映累积暴露
肝期抗原1	恶性疟原虫	感染的肝细胞	红细胞期抗体含量低	反映频繁或近期暴露
早期转录膜蛋白5	恶性疟原虫	红细胞表面	敏感性和特异性高	反映近期暴露
网状细胞结合蛋白2b	间日疟原虫	顶端膜	敏感性和特异性高	反映近期暴露
红细胞结合蛋白Ⅱ	间日疟原虫	顶端膜	敏感性和特异性高	反映近期暴露