从中国疾病预防控制信息系统下载2014年1月1日—2023年12月31日昌宁县恙虫病监测数据进行描述性流行病学分析，运用SPSS 27.0软件进行统计学分析，开展空间自相关分析，计算Moran’s I指数、恙虫病发病集中度M值，分析其季节性流行特征。2014—2023年昌宁县累计报告恙虫病病例2 861例，年平均发病率83.19/10万，死亡1例。发病率由2014年的30.69/10万上升至2023年的166.97/10万（χ²_趋势 = 553.555，P < 0.01）。发病高峰期为每年7—10月，报告病例数占91.26%（2 611/2 861）。集中度结果表明，2014年M值最高为0.905，其余年份M值为0.741~0.862，恙虫病发病有很强的季节性。病例涉及全县13个乡镇，年均报告发病率居前5位的乡镇分别为翁堵镇（353.10/10万）、勐统镇（189.42/10万）、大田坝镇（172.23/10万）、更戛乡（160.00/10万）、鸡飞镇（103.97/10万），其余乡镇年均发病率均低于60/10万。全局空间自相关分析结果显示，2014—2023年的Moran’sI指数均 > 0，P > 0.05。男性占49.91%（1 428/2 861），女性占50.09%（1 433/2 861）。各年龄段均有病例分布，主要集中在0~4岁和40~59岁，分别占12.62%（361/2 861）和40.62%（1 162/2 861）。职业分布以农民为主（74.00%，2 117/2 861）。病例报告以乡镇卫生院为主，报告病例数占52.25%（1 495/2 861）。昌宁县恙虫病疫情总体呈上升趋势，发病具有很强的季节性、地区性和人群分布特征，应在流行季节将农村作为重点防控地区。

Scrub typhus surveillance data in Changning County from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2023 were collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and a descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed using the software SPSS 27.0. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was performed, and Moran’s I was calculated. The concentration index (M value) of scrub typhus was calculated to analyze the seasonal characteristics of the disease. A total of 2 861 scrub typhus cases were reported in Changning County from 2014 to 2023, with an average annual incidence rate of 83.19/10⁵ and including one death. The incidence of scrub typhus increased from 30.69/10⁵ in 2014 to 166.97/10⁵ in 2023, which appeared an overall tendency towards a rise (χ²_trend = 553.555, P < 0.01). The peak incidence period is July to October each year, accounting for 91.26% (2 611/2 861) of reported cases. Concentration results showed that the highest M value was 0.905 in 2014, and the M values ​​for the remaining years ranged from 0.741 to 0.862, indicating that scrub typhus has a strong seasonal pattern. The scrub typhus cases were distributed across 13 townships in the county, the top five townships with the highest average annual reported incidence rates were Wengdu (353.10/10⁵), Mengtong (189.42/10⁵), Datianba (172.23/10⁵), Gengga (160.00/10⁵), and Jifei (103.97/10⁵). The average annual incidence rates in the remaining townships were all below 60/10⁵. The global spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated that for the period 2014-2023, all Moran’s I values were positive and statistically non-significant (P > 0.05). Males accounted for 49.91% (1 428/2 861), while females accounted for 50.09% (1 433/2 861). The cases distributed across all age groups, which were predominantly found at ages of 0 to 4 years (12.62%, 361/2 861) and 40 to 59 years (40.62%, 1 162/2 861), respectively. Farmers constituted the majority of the occupational distribution (74.00%, 2 117/2 861), and were primarily reported by township healthcare centers (52.25%, 1 495/2 861). These data demonstrate that the prevalence of scrub typhus showed an overall upward tendency in Changning County with a strong seasonality, distinct geographical and population distribution characteristics. Prevention and control efforts of scrub typhus should focus on rural areas during the transmission season.