为了解目前贵州省中华按蚊对常见杀虫剂的抗药性水平，本研究选择贵州省从江县、播州区和荔波县为调查点，分别于2018、2019及2020年8月捕捉中华按蚊成蚊，根据WHO推荐使用的药膜接触筒法测定受试蚊对4% DDT、0.05%溴氰菊酯、5%马拉硫磷的敏感性，确定抗性级别，采用χ²检验比较60 min击倒率及校正死亡率的差异。从江、播州和荔波受试蚊均对0.05%溴氰菊酯首只击倒时间最长，分别为8.63、17.52、14.87 min，对4% DDT分别为6.33、2.95、11.88 min，对5%马拉硫磷分别为7.95、2.15、9.80 min。从江、播州和荔波受试蚊接触5%马拉硫磷药膜60 min后击倒率最高，分别为83.9%、39.0%、59.0%，3县（区）间差异有统计学意义（χ² = 53.98，P < 0.05）；接触4% DDT药膜60 min后击倒率分别为61.9%、33.3%、36.2%，接触0.05%溴氰菊酯药膜分别为20.0%、34.2%、11.3%。从江、播州和荔波受试蚊接触4% DDT后的半数击倒时间（KT₅₀）分别为51.29、127.65 、80.05 min，接触0.05%溴氰菊酯的KT₅₀分别为208.27、74.69、420.14 min，接触5%马拉硫磷的KT₅₀分别为29.33、75.60、42.19 min。从江、播州和荔波受试蚊接触5%马拉硫磷后的校正死亡率分别为90.1%、95.0%、95.9%，均为初步抗性群体（M），地区间差异无统计学意义（χ² = 4.64，P > 0.05）；接触4% DDT后的校正死亡率分别为65.6%、38.6% 、55.0%，接触0.05%溴氰菊酯分别为35.2%、35.2%、10.4%，均为抗性群体（R）。贵州省从江县、播州区和荔波县中华按蚊对溴氰菊酯产生了非常强的抗药性，对DDT和马拉硫磷的抗药性水平分别处于抗性水平和初步抗性水平。

To determine the insecticide resistance of Anopheles sinensis in Guizhou Province, A. sinensis was captured from the fields of Congjiang County, Bozhou District and Libo County of Guizhou in August 2018 to 2020. The mosquitoes were tested by the filter paper contact method, which is recommended by WHO. The susceptibility and insecticide resistance level of the captured mosquitoes to the diagnostic dose of 4% DDT, 0.05% deltamethrin and 5% malathion were evaluated. A Chi-square test was used to compare the knockdown rates after 60 min exposure and the corrected mortality rate between different study sites. After 60 min exposure, the knockdown time of the first mosquito to 0.05% deltamethrin was the longest in all study area, which takes 8.63 min, 17.52 min and 14.87 min in Congjiang, Bozhou and Libo; for 4% DDT, the knockdown time of the first mosquito was 6.33 min, 2.95 min and 11.88 min; for 5% malathion, the knockdown time of the first mosquito was 7.95 min, 2.15 min and 9.80 min, respectively. In Congjiang, Bozhou and Libo, after exposed for 60 min, the knockdown rates of tested mosquitoes to 5% malathion was the highest in all study areas, which were 83.9%, 39.0%, 59.0% respectively and there were significant differences in the knockdown rates among the three study areas (χ² = 53.98, P < 0.05). For 4% DDT, the knockdown rates were 61.9%, 33.3% and 36.2%; for 0.05% deltamethrin, the knockdown rates were 20.0%, 34.2%, 11.3%, respectively. The knockdown rates for 50% (KT₅₀) of tested mosquitoes in Congjiang, Bozhou, Libo for 4% DDT were 51.29 min, 127.65 min and 80.05 min; for 0.05% deltamethrin were 208.27 min, 74.69 min and 420.14 min; for 5% malathion were 29.33 min, 75.60 min and 42.19 min, respectively. The adjusted mortality rates of tested mosquitoes in Congjiang, Bozhou, Libo for 5% malathion were 90.1%, 95.0% and 95.9% respectively, which suggested the existence of resistance. There were no significant differences among the three study areas (χ² = 4.64，P > 0.05). For 4% DDT, the mortality rates were 65.6%, 38.6% and 55.0%; for 0.05% deltamethrin, the mortalityrates were 35.2%, 35.2% and 10.4%, respectively, which suggested that all tested mosquitoes had developed high level of resistance. This study suggested that An. sinensis in Guizhou Province have developed high level of resistance to deltamethrin, and maintained resistance to DDT and may have possible resistance to malathion.