目的 了解福建省人群土源性线虫感染现状与防治成果,为制订土源性线虫病的传播控制与阻断标准提供科学依据。 方法 根据《全国肝吸虫病和土源性线虫病监测方案（试行）》要求,2017—2019年,在福建省10个市的29个监测点,每个监测点按地理方位划分为东、西、南、北、中5个片区,每个片区抽取1个乡（镇）的1个行政村为调查点,每个行政村整群抽取3周岁以上常住居民不少于200人,每个监测点不少于1 000人。收集调查对象的粪样,采用改良加藤厚涂片法（Kato-Katz）（一粪二检）镜检粪样中的虫卵,计算感染率和感染度。采用试管滤纸培养法鉴定钩虫种类。感染率的比较采用卡方检验。 结果 共检查30 614人,检出土源性线虫感染326例,总感染率为1.1%。其中,钩虫、鞭虫和蛔虫的感染率分别为1.0%（295/30 614）、0.1%（28/30 614）和0.0%（3/30 614）。2017—2019年,福建省人体土源性线虫感染率分别为1.3%（130/9 668）、1.0%（109/10 417）和0.8%（87/10 529）,呈逐年下降的趋势,各年度间感染率差异有统计学意义（χ² = 12.79,P < 0.01）。10个地级市中,感染率居前3位的分别为三明（3.5%,154/4 343）、平潭（2.0%,22/1 113）和南平（1.6%,49/3 054）;其余7个市的感染率均小于1.0%。钩虫感染者中,轻、中、重度感染者分别占71.5%（211/295）、26.4%（78/295）和2.0%（6/295）;28例鞭虫感染者中,轻、中度感染者分别占85.7%（24/28）和14.3%（4/28）;3例蛔虫感染者中,2例为轻度感染,1例为中度感染。未发现鞭虫和蛔虫重度感染者。男性、女性感染率分别为0.8%（139/14 782）、1.1%（187/15 832）,二者差异有统计学意义（χ² = 4.12,P < 0.05）;≥ 65岁年龄组人群的感染率最高,为3.2%（171/5 373）,不同年龄组人群感染率随着年龄的增长而升高（Z = 30.32,P < 0.01）;农民的感染率最高,为1.8%（289/15 644）,不同职业人群感染率差异有统计学意义（χ² = 187.91,P < 0.01）;文盲人群的感染率最高,为1.5%（113/7 351）,不同文化程度人群感染率随文化程度的增高而降低（Z = 15.41,P < 0.01）。 结论 2017—2019年,福建省土源性线虫感染率和感染程度均呈明显下降趋势,7个地级市的感染率降至1%以下,达到传播控制标准。

Objective To understand the current prevalence and control outcomes of soil-transmitted nematode (STN) in Fujian Province to provide scientific basis for and formulating the standard criteria of transmission control and transmission interruption. Methods According to the National Clonorchiasis and Soil-borne Nematode Surveillance Program (provisional version), 29 surveillance sites were selected from 10 cities in Fujian Province from 2017 to 2019. Each surveillance site includes 5 areas evenly distributed geographically in the east, south, west, north and middle, from which one administrative village from one township (town) was selected as the survey site. No less than 200 permanent residents aged 3-years or above were selected from each administrative village. Fecal samples were collected from the enrolled residents and were examined for STN eggs (two slide-reading per sample) using the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method to microscopically estimate infection rate and intensity. The hookworm species was identified by test-tube filter paper incubation. The infection rate between groups was compared by Chi-square test. Results A total of 30 614 local residents were examined for STN infection, showing 326 positives, with an overall infection rate 1.1%. The infection rates of hookworm, Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides were 1.2% (295/30 614), 0.1% (28/30 614) and 0.0% (3/30 614), respectively. The STN infection rate in 2017—2019 was 1.3% (130/9 668), 1.0% (109/10 417) and 0.8% (87/10 529), respectively, showing a yearly decreasing trend, with significant differences between the years (χ ² = 12.79, P < 0.01). Among the ten cities, Sanming, Pingtan and Nanping had the highest infection rates of 13.5% (154/4 343), 2.0% (22/1 113) and 1.6% (49/3 054), respectively. The remaining seven cities had infection rates of less than 1.0%. Among the 295 hookworm infected cases, 71.5% (211/295) were mild infection, 26.4% (78/295) were moderate and 2.0% (6/295) were severe. Among the 28 T. trichiura infected cases, 85.7% (24/28) were mild and 14.3% (4/28) were moderate. Among the 3 A. lumbricoides infected cases, two were mild and one was moderate. No severe infection of T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides was found. The infection rates of STN in male and female were 0.8% (139/14 782) and 1.1% (187/15 832) with statistically significant difference between the gender (χ ² = 4.12, P < 0.05). The highest infection rate was 3.2% (171/5 373) in the age group of ≥ 65 years, and the infection rate increased with age (Z = 30.32, P < 0.01). The infection rate was higher among farmers, with 1.8% (289/15 644) than in other occupations. The difference was statistically significant(χ ² = 187.91, P < 0.01). The highest infection rate was in illiterate residents 1.5% (113/7 351), and the infection rate decreased with higher educational levels (Z = 15.41, P < 0.01). Conclusion From 2016 to 2019, the infection rate of STN and intensity of STN infection in Fujian Province showed a significant decreasing trend. The infection rates in seven cities dropped below 1.0%, reaching the standard of transmission control.