中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 1995, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4): 241-248.

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蒿甲醚预防血吸虫感染的实验研究

肖树华,尤纪青,梅静艳,焦佩英,郭惠芳,杨元清   

  1. 中国预防医学科学院寄生虫病研究所; 世界卫生组织疟疾、血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心
  • 出版日期:1995-11-30 发布日期:2017-01-05

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE PREVENTIVE EFFECT OF ARTEMETHER AGAINST SCHISTOSOMAL INFECTION

  • Online:1995-11-30 Published:2017-01-05

摘要: 为了观察蒿甲醚预防血吸虫感染的作用,小鼠、兔和犬于感染血吸虫尾蚴后不同时间灌服(ig)蒿甲醚(Art),并根据总减虫率和减雌虫率评价预防效果。结果,小鼠于感染后d7开始ig1剂Art,然后每wk重复给药1次,共4次的效果最好。兔与犬于感染后d7igArt10或15mg/kg,然后每1-2wk重复给药1次,共2-4次,总减虫率和减雌虫率为96.8%-100%,部份或全部受治动物无雌虫,一些与急性血吸虫病有关的指标,如体温、嗜酸性粒细胞数和粪便虫卵等均无异常或阴性。兔每隔天感染血吸虫尾蚴48-52条,共5次,并于第1次感染后d7开始,用Art15mg/kg,按上述给药方案预防,总减虫率和减雌虫率为97.6%-98.4%。上述感染犬和多次感染的兔用Art预防后,肝组织结构正常,虫卵肉芽肿数亦明显减少。结果认为,Art具有预防血吸虫感染的作用,可明显减低血吸虫感染率、减轻感染度和防止急性血吸虫病。

关键词: 日本血吸虫, 血吸虫童虫, 预防作用, 急性血吸虫病, 血吸虫卵肉芽肿, 蒿甲醚

Abstract: In order to study the preventive effect of artemether (Art) against schistosomal infection, mice, rabbits and dogs infected with Schistosoma japonicum cercariae were treated intragastrically (ig) with Art on various days after infection. The preventive effect was assessed by total and female worm reduction rate, the number of the animals without female worm, measurement of some parameters relevant to the acute schistosomiasis, and histopathological observation on the liver. The results showed that in mice a promising effect was obtained when an initial dose of Art 300 mg/kg was given ig on d 7 after infection with cercariae, followed by repeated dosing every wk for 4 times. In rabbits and dogs treated ig with Art according to above mentioned appropriate regimen on d 7 after infection at a dosage of 10 or 15 mg/kg given every 1 or 2 wk for 2-4 times, the total and female worm reduction rates were 96.8%-100%, and part of the animals were free from female worm. After preventive treatment of the rabbits with Art, the body temperature and eosinophil count were normal and no schistosome egg was found in the feces. When rabbits infected with 48-52 schistosome cercariae once every other day for 5 times were initially treated ig with Art 15 mg/kg on d 7 after the first infection, and the same dosing was given repeatedly every 1 or 2 wk for 2-4 times, the total and female worm reduction rates were 97.6%-98.4%. Histopathological observation showed that the above mentioned infected dogs and rabbits received preventive treatment with Art exhibited a promising protective effect on their livers. The protective effect of Art given every 1 wk on the liver was similar to that of the drug given every 2 wk. The results indicate that Art possesses an effect for prevention of schistosomiasis which could be helpful for reducing infection rate and intensity of infection, and controlling acute schistosomiasis.

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