目的 掌握吉林省人群华支睾吸虫感染现状,为科学防治华支睾吸虫病提供依据。方法 2015年,按照全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查方案和实施细则统一要求,分层整群抽取全省35个县（市、区）的78个农村调查点和21个城镇调查点,调查3周岁以上常住人口,每个调查点不少于250人。采集粪样,用改良加藤厚涂片法（一粪两检）检查华支睾吸虫虫卵,并收集调查对象的信息。采用χ²检验对不同性别、年龄、职业等特征人群感染率进行统计学分析。随机抽取 50个调查点部分人员开展华支睾吸虫病问卷调查,了解相关知识的认知状况。结果 共调查24 963人,华支睾吸虫感染者749例,感染率为3.0%。以轻度感染为主,占88.5%（663/749）,中、重度感染分别为11.0%（82/749）和0.4%（3/749）。农村、城镇人口华支睾吸虫感染率分别为3.8%（746/19 683）和0.1%（3/5 280）,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。男性、女性感染率分别为3.6%（459/12 843）、2.4%（290/12 120）,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。 41~50岁感染率最高,为4.4%（227/5 175）;农民感染率最高,为4.1%（712/17 455）;初中文化程度组感染率最高,为4.4%（546/12 322）;汉族人群感染率最高,为3.1%（746/23 794）;不同年龄组、职业、文化程度和民族间感染率差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。对50个调查点共计2 850人开展问卷调查,城市地区居民对华支睾吸虫病的知晓率（58.5%,350/598）高于农村地区（34.9%,787/2 252）（P < 0.01）;农村居民生食淡水鱼、虾的比例（11.9%,269/2 252）低于城市居民（19.0%,113/598）（P < 0.01）,城市居民华支睾吸虫病知识知晓率与行为模式普遍优于农村地区。结论 吉林省华支睾吸虫感染率较高。居民对华支睾吸虫病的知晓率和健康行为了解程度较低,生食淡水鱼虾的饮食习惯改变。

Objective To understand the current endemic status of Clonorchis sinensis infection in opulation of Jilin Province so as to provide a scientific basis for better prevention and control of clonorchiasis. Methods According to the National Survey Program and Implementation Rules for the status of human key parasites, total 78 pilot survey sites in rural areas and 21 sites in township from 35 counties (cities and districts) in Jilin Province were selected using stratified cluster sampling method in 2015. No less than 250 permanent residents over 3 years old were recruited from each site in the survey. Fecal samples were collected from each participant and the eggs of C. sinensis in the feces were examined using a modified Kato-Katz thick smear microscopy. The general demographic and personal information were collected by a written questionnaire. The infection status among residents was analyzed based on their different gender, age and occupation with statistical analysis using Chisquare test. Some residents from 50 pilot survey sites were randomly selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on clonorchiasis related knowledge to understand their awareness of parasites and infection risks. Results A total of 24 963 people were examined, of whom the total prevalence of C. sinensis infection was 3.0% (749/24 963), mainly with mild infection 88.5% (663/749). The medium and heavy infections only accounted for 11.0% (82/749) and 0.4% (3/749), respectively. The infection rate in rural areas (3.8%, 746/19 683) was significantly higher than that in urban areas (0.1%, 3/5 280) with statistical difference (P < 0.05). Male people had higher infection rate (3.6%, 459/12 843) than female (2.4%, 290/12 120）with statistical difference (P < 0.05). Among different age groups, it was shown that people with age between 41-50 had the highest infection rate (4.4%, 227/5 175) with significant difference compared to other age groups (P < 0.01). Among different occupations, the infection rate was highest in famers ( 4.1%, 712/17 455) (P < 0.01). In terms of educational levels, people educated with junior high school had the highest infection rate (4.4%, 546/12 322) (P < 0.01). With respect to different ethnic groups, Han population had the highest infection rate (3.1%, 746/23 794) (P < 0.01), possibly related to different food and cuisine habit. Totally 2 850 questionnaires were collected from 50 pilot survey sites. The awareness rate for clonorchiasis in people living in urban cites (58.5%, 350/598) was higher than that in people living in rural area（34.9%, 787/2 252）(P < 0.01), however, more people in urban areas ate raw freshwater fish and shrimp (19.0%, 113/598) than people living in rural areas (11.9%, 269/2 252) (P < 0.01), even though the former knew better about the parasite and the infection risks. Conclusion The prevalence of C. sinensis infection in Jilin Province still remains at a relatively high level. The awareness for the knowledge of infection and behavior-related infection risks among people are low and not much changed.