目的 了解天津市人体重点寄生虫的感染状况及城乡居民寄生虫病相关知识知晓情况与行为模式。方法 2015年,按照《全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查方案》要求,根据天津市生态区划分及经济水平确定调查区,依据地形、经济水平等因素分层,每层以随机数字表法抽取1个自然村/居委会为调查点,每个调查点调查不少于250名当地常住人口（0岁以上）。采集调查对象的粪样,采用改良加藤厚涂片法检测土源性线虫、带绦虫、华支睾吸虫虫卵,采用直接涂片法检测肠道原虫,对3~6岁儿童加做透明胶纸肛拭法检测蛲虫卵。采用χ²检验比较不同性别、年龄、职业等特征人群感染率差异。随机抽取26个调查点部分人员开展寄生虫病知识调查,了解相关知识的认知状况。结果 共检测15 674人,涉及两个生态区的12个行政区共61个调查点。寄生虫总感染率为0.14%（22/15 674）,其中蛔虫感染8例（1中度感染,7例轻度感染）。蛲虫感染14例（均为轻度感染）,未检出其他寄生虫感染。3~6岁儿童蛲虫感染率为0.54%（4/744）。燕山-太行山山地生态区蛔虫感染率为0.17%（8/4 705),京津唐生态区未检出蛔虫感染。12个行政区中仅武清、滨海新区、静海、宝坻和蓟州等5个行政区（均为涉农地区）检出寄生虫感染,感染率分别为0.13%（1/784）、0.07%（1/1 501）、0.29%（3/1 040）、1.04%（8/766）、0.19%（9/4 705）,不同地区感染率差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。男性、女性感染率分别为0.09%（7/7 566）、0.19%（15/8 108）;农民感染率最高(0.18%,14/7 620）;50~59岁年龄组感染率最高(0.23%,6/2 658）;高中以上人群感染率最高(0.21%,7/3 330）;不同性别、职业、年龄组和文化程度人群感染率差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。对26个调查点共计1 561人开展问卷调查,蛔虫病知晓率（62.8%,981/1 561）高于华支睾吸虫病知晓率（27.2%,424/1 561）（P < 0.05）,城市居民寄生虫病知识知晓率与行为模式普遍优于农村地区。结论 天津市人体重点寄生虫感染率处于很低水平,人群对土源性线虫病的知晓率及对健康行为的了解较高,但对华支睾吸虫病知晓率较低。

Objective To investigate the infection status of common parasite infections and people’s awareness of parasitic diseases and health behavior in Tianjin. Methods An epidemiological survey was carried out in Tianjin according to the requirements of the National Survey on the Status of important human parasitic diseases. The pilot survey districts were randomly selected based on the different ecologic zones and economic status. Selected districts were staratified according to the topographic, economic level and other factors. The pilot sites were selected from each layer by random number method and no less than 250 residents with age over 0 year-old was included in each site. Fecal samples were collected and the helminth eggs (soil-transmitted nematodes, tape worms and Clonorchis sinensis) were examined with the Kato-Katz method and the intestinal protozoa were examined by direct smear method. The anal tape test was used to examine Enterobius vermicularis eggs in children with 3-6 years old. The infection status among residents was analyzed based on their different gender, age and occupation with statistical analysis using Chi-square test. Some residents from 26 pilot survey sites were randomly selected to conduct a questionnaire on parasite-related knowledge to understand their awareness of parasites and infection risk. Results A total of 15 674 people from 61 pilot sites in 12 counties were investigated. The infection rate for all intestinal parasites was 0.14% （22/15 674） with only 8 infected with Ascaris lumbricoides (1 cases of moderate infection and 7 cases of mild infection) and 14 infected with Enterobius vermicularis (all of them were mild infection). The infection rate of E. vermicularis in children with age 3-6 was 0.54% (4/744). There was no other intestinal parasite identified. The infection rate for A. lumbricoides in Yanshan-Taihang Mountain Ecological Zone was 0.17% (8/4 705) and no parasite infection was detected in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Ecological Zone. All infections happened in Wuqing, Binhai, Jinghai, Baodi and Ji Districts (all are agriculture districts) with parasite infection rates of 0.13% (1/784), 0.07% (1/1 501), 0.29% (3/1 040), 1.04% (8/766) and 0.19% (9/4 705), respectively. The difference was statistically significant among counties (P < 0.05). The parasite infection rates in males and females were 0.09% (7/7 566) and 0.19% (15/8 108). The infection happened in farmers (0.18%, 14/7 620) was higher than those with other occupations. The infection rate in age of 50-59 (0.23%, 6/2 658) was higher than other age groups. Surprisingly, people with high school education or above had higher infection rate (0.21%, 7/3 330) than other education groups, however, the infection rate showed no significant difference among genders, age groups, levels of education and occupations (P > 0.05). Totally 1 561 questionnaires were collected from 26 pilot survey sites. The awareness rate for A. lumbricoides (62.78%, 981/1 561) was higher than that for Clonorchis sinensis (27.16%, 424/1 561)(P < 0.05). The awareness for parasite infections and healthy behavior in people living in urban cites are better than those who live in rural areas. Conclusion The infection rate of common parasite infections in Tianjin is low. Most people are aware of soil-transmitted nematodes and proper healthy behaviors, less aware of clonorchiasis.