目的 了解和分析江西省人体重点寄生虫病流行现状和变化趋势，为优化防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 按照2025年《全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查方案》，结合江西省实际情况，土源性线虫以生态区为基础，按经济条件和地理方位多阶段分层整群抽样，每个调查县根据地理方位划分为东南西北中5个片区，每片区随机抽取1个乡镇，再从中随机抽取1个自然村为调查点开展调查，每调查点200人。另在华支睾线虫流行区信丰县随机抽取3个乡镇，每个乡镇随机抽取1个自然村调查点开展调查，每调查点200人。采用改良加藤厚涂片法检查蠕虫卵（土源性线虫、华支睾吸虫和带绦虫），3~9岁儿童用透明胶纸肛拭法检查蛲虫。结果 全省18个县88个调查点共调查18 155人，加查儿童蛲虫896人。查出肠道蠕虫6种，包括钩虫、鞭虫、蛲虫、华支睾吸虫、并殖吸虫和棘口科吸虫。肠道蠕虫平均感染率为1.47%（266/18 155），土源性线虫感染率为0.90%（163/18 155），钩虫、鞭虫、蛲虫和华支睾吸虫感染率分别为0.75%（137/18 155）、0.15%（27/18 155）、0.11%（20/18 155）和0.44%（80/18 155），棘口科吸虫5例、并殖吸虫1例。3~9岁儿童蛲虫感染率2.01%（18/896）。蠕虫感染以南岭山地丘陵生态区最高，为2.96%（79/2 666）；浙闽山地丘陵生态区最低，为0.34%（7/2 035）（χ² = 44.09，P < 0.01）。土源性线虫感染以湘赣丘陵山地生态区最高，为1.38%（101/7 324）（χ² = 37.97，P < 0.01），其中鞭虫感染率以长江中下游平原生态区最高（0.28%，17/6130），钩虫感染率以湘赣丘陵山地生态区最高（1.27%，93/7 324）（χ² = 44.91，P < 0.01）。全省88.75%（71/80）的华支睾吸虫感染者在南岭山地丘陵生态区。各调查县中乐安县钩虫感染率最高，为2.19%（23/1 052）；信丰县华支睾吸虫感染率最高，为11.61%（70/603）。人群分布中，华支睾吸虫男性感染率为0.72%（63/8 799），高于女性的0.18%（17/9 356）（χ² = 29.51，P < 0.01）；土源性线虫女性感染率（1.10%，103/9 356）高于男性（0.68%，60/8 799）（χ² = 8.95，P < 0.05）。各年龄组均有蠕虫感染者，以≥ 70岁年龄组感染率最高，为2.27%（110/4 849）；10~19年龄组最低，为0.41%（6/1 446）。除散居儿童无寄生虫感染外，其余各职业均有感染者分布，农民的蠕虫、土源性线虫、鞭虫、钩虫和华支睾吸虫感染率均最高，分别为1.70%（227/13 354）、1.12%（150/13 354）、0.18%（24/13 354）、0.95%（127/13 354）和0.55%（74/13 354）。结论 江西省重点寄生虫人群感染率均已降至历史最低水平，60岁及以上老人感染钩虫、3~9岁儿童感染蛲虫和吃鱼生地区感染华支睾吸虫的问题仍较为突出。以健康教育为先导，以控制传染源为主的综合防治策略成效显著，应长期坚持。

Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence and changing trends of major human parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province, so as to provide insights into optimization of the control strategies and measures. Methods According to the Protocol for National Survey on the Status of Major Human Parasitic Diseases in China in 2025 and based on the actual conditions of Jiangxi Province, soil-transmitted helminth infections were surveyed in ecological zones using a multistage stratified cluster sampling method according to economic conditions and geographical locations. Each survey county was divided into five regions (northeastern, southeastern, southwestern, northwestern, and central) according to geographical locations, and one township was randomly selected from each region. Then, one natural village was randomly selected from each township as the survey point, with 200 individuals surveyed per point. Three townships were randomly sampled from Xinfeng County, an area endemic for Clonorchis sinensis in Jiangxi Province, and one natural village was randomly sampled from each township as the survey point, with 200 individuals surveyed per point. Helminth (soil-transmitted nematodes, C. sinensis and Taenia spp.) eggs were detected using a modified Kato-Katz thick smear technique, while pinworms were detected among children at ages of 3 to 9 years using a cellophane tape test. Results A total of 18 155 individuals were surveyed across 88 survey points in 18 counties of Jiangxi Province, including 896 children detected for pinworm infections. Six species of intestinal helminths were identified, including hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis, C. sinensis, Paragonimus, and Echinostoma. The average prevalence rates of intestinal helminth infections and soil-transmitted nematode infections were 1.47% (266/18 155) and 0.90% (163/18 155), while the prevalence rates of hookworm, T. trichiura, E. vermicularis, C. sinensis infections were 0.75% (137/18 155), 0.15% (27/18 155), 0.11% (20/18 155), and 0.44% (80/18 155), respectively. In addition, Echinostoma infections were detected among 5 individuals and Paragonimus infection occurred among one individual. The prevalence of pinworm infections was 2.01% (18/896) among children at ages of 3 to 9 years. The highest prevalence of helminth infections was recorded in the Nanling Mountain and Hilly Ecological Zone (2.96%, 79/2 666), while the lowest was seen in the Zhejiang-Fujian Mountain and Hilly Ecological Zone (0.34%, 7/2 035) (χ² = 44.09, P < 0.01). The highest prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections (1.38%, 101/7 324) was found in the Hunan-Jiangxi Hilly and Mountain Ecological Zone (χ² = 37.97, P < 0.01), with the highest prevalence of T. trichiura infections in the Plain Ecological Zone of the Middle and Lower reaches of the Yangtze River (0.28%, 17/6 130), the highest prevalence of hookworm infections in the Hunan-Jiangxi Hilly and Mountain Ecological Zone (1.27%, 93/7 324) (χ² = 44.91, P < 0.01), and 88.75% (71/80) of C. sinensis infections concentrated in the Nanling Mountain and Hilly Ecological Zone. In terms of survey counties, the highest prevalence of hookworm infections was seen in Le’an County (2.19%, 23/1 052), and the highest prevalence of C. sinensis infections was recorded in Xinfeng County (11.61%, 70/603). In terms of genders, the prevalence of C. sinensis infections was higher among men (0.72%, 63/8 799) than among women (0.18%, 17/9 356) (χ² = 29.51, P < 0.01), and the prevalence of soil-transmitted nematode infections was higher among women (1.10%, 103/9 356) than among men (0.68%, 60/8 799) (χ² = 8.95, P < 0.05). Helminth infections were detected among individuals across all age groups, with the highest prevalence found among individuals at ages of 70 years and older (2.27%, 110/4 849) and the lowest at ages of 10 to 19 years (0.41%, 6/1 446). Parasitic infections recorded among individuals with all occupations except scattered children, and the highest prevalence rates of helminth (1.70%, 227/13 354), soil-transmitted nematode (1.12%, 150/13 354), T. trichiura (0.18%, 24/13 354), hookworm (0.95%, 127/13 354) and C. sinensis infections (0.55%, 74/13 354) were all found among farmers. Conclusion The infection rates of key parasites among the population in Jiangxi Province have all dropped to historical lows, yet certain issues still stand out prominently-such as hookworm infections among people aged 60 and above, pinworm infections in children aged 3 to 9, and C. sinensis infections in regions where raw freshwater fish is consumed. The health education-led integrated control strategy with an emphasis on the management of the source of infections has achieved remarkable effectiveness, which is recommended to be implemented for a long time of period.