目的 基于血清学检测数据，系统揭示云南省大理白族自治州6种重要食源性寄生虫IgG血清阳性率的时空分布格局与聚集特征，为精准防控提供科学依据。 方法 回顾性分析2019—2023年大理白族自治州血吸虫病防治研究所接收的就诊人群血清样本，采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）或胶体金免疫层析法对绦虫/囊尾蚴病、广州管圆线虫病、旋毛虫病、片形吸虫病、棘球蚴病和并殖吸虫病共6种重要食源性寄生虫病病原进行血清IgG抗体检测。利用ArcMap 10.8软件实现地理分布可视化，并采用莫兰指数评估研究区域内血清IgG抗体阳性率的整体空间聚集模式，热点分析局部统计量识别研究区域内的高值（热点）与低值（冷点）聚集区，运用SaTScan 10.1软件基于Poisson模型进行时空扫描统计分析，以识别寄生虫IgG抗体阳性率的时空聚集区域。 结果 2019—2023年累计检测样品3 131份，大理州食源性寄生虫血清IgG抗体总阳性率为23.3%（728/3 131），各年度依次为52.5%（139/265）、50.5%（161/319）、26.7%（211/789）、14.6%（140/961）、9.7%（77/797），呈显著逐年下降趋势（χ² = 387.55，P < 0.01）。感染类型以单一感染为主（阳性率18.6%，583/3 131），双重感染次之（阳性率4.2%，132/3 131）。血清总阳性率位列前3的县依次为云龙县（53.2%，58/109）、南涧彝族自治县（35.5%，33/93）和祥云县（32.7%，33/101）。2019—2023年各年份的莫兰指数均为负值，范围为-0.20至-0.03，各年度阳性率的空间分布均未呈现出空间自相关（均P > 0.05），符合空间随机分布模式。热点区域在空间分布上呈随机模式，显著热点区域随时间推移，呈现出从西部（云龙县、漾濞彝族自治县）向中部（大理市），再向东（弥渡县）迁移的动态特征。时空扫描识别出2个具有统计学意义的聚集区域，分别是鹤庆县（2021—2022年，RR = 6.47，P < 0.01）和巍山彝族回族自治县（2021—2022年，RR = 5.30，P < 0.01）。阳性样品人群分布主要集中在农民群体（占86.1%，627/728）、男性群体（占59.1%，430/728）以及40~59岁年龄组（占比55.6%，405/728），不同感染模式阳性群体在性别、年龄和职业分布上的差异均无统计学意义（χ² = 1.97、7.73、10.64，P > 0.05）。 结论 大理州食源性寄生虫总体感染风险下降，但空间分布呈现“全局随机、局部聚集、热点动态迁移”的复杂格局。需针对长期高负担地区、异常聚集区及动态热点区域采取差异化精准干预，并重点加强农民等高危人群的健康教育与行为干预。

Objective To systematically unravel the spatiotemporal distribution and clustering characteristics of seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against six major foodborne parasites in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, based on serological testing data, so as to provide insights into precision diseases prevention and control. Methods Serum samples were collected from individuals admitted from Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture Institute of Schistosomiasis Control from 2019 to 2023, and serum IgG antibodies against pathogens of six major zoonotic parasitic diseases were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or colloidal gold immunochromatography, including taeniasis/cysticercosis, angiostrongyliasis, trichinosis, fascioliasis, echinococcosis, and paragonimiasis. Geographic distribution was visualized using the software ArcMap 10.8, and the overall spatial clustering pattern of IgG antibody seropositivity was identified using Moran’s I index within the study area. High-value (hot spots) and low-value (cold spots) clusters were identified with local statistics within the study area, and spatiotemporal scan analysis was performed with the software SaTScan 10.1 based on the Poisson model to identify spatiotemporal clusters of IgG antibody positivity against parasites. Results A total of 3 131 serum samples were tested from 2019 to 2023, and the overall seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against foodborne parasites was 23.3% (728/3 131) in Dali Prefecture, with seroprevalence of 52.5% (139/265), 50.5% (161/319), 26.7% (211/789), 14.6% (140/961), and 9.7% (77/797) from 2019 to 2023, respectively, appearing a tendency towards decline over years (χ² = 387.55, P < 0.01). Single infections were predominant (18.6%, 583/3 131), followed by dual infections (4.2%, 132/3 131). Counties with the three highest overall seropositivity included Yunlong County (53.2%, 58/109), Nanjian Yi Autonomous County (35.5%, 33/93), and Xiangyun County (32.7%, 33/101). The Moran’s I index was all negative each year from 2019 to 2023, ranging from -0.20 to -0.03, indicating no spatial autocorrelation in the seropositivity across years (all P > 0.05), which was consistent with a random spatial distribution pattern. Hotspot areas exhibited a random spatial distribution, with significant hotspots shifting from western regions (Yunlong County, Yangbi Yi Autonomous County) to central regions (Dali City) and then to eastern areas (Midu County) over time. Spatiotemporal scans identified two statistically significant clusters, including Heqing County (2021 to 2022, RR = 6.47, P < 0.01) and Weishan Yi and Hui Autonomous County (2021 to 2022, RR = 5.30, P < 0.01). Parasite IgG antibody-positive samples were primarily derived from farmers (86.1%, 627/728), males (59.1%, 430/728), and individuals at ages of 40 to 59 years (55.6%, 405/728), and no gender-, age- or occupation-specific seroprevalence was seen (χ² = 1.97, 7.73, 10.64, all P > 0.05). Conclusion The overall risk of foodborne parasitic infections declines in Dali Prefecture; however, the spatial pattern appears a complex landscape that is characterized by global randomness, local clustering, and dynamic shifts of hotspots. Differentiated, precision interventions are needed for long-term high-burden areas, anomalous clusters, and dynamic hotspots, and health education and behavioral interventions are prioritized for high-risk individuals, particularly farmers.