收稿日期: 2026-02-27
修回日期: 2026-02-28
网络出版日期: 2026-02-28
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(82073619);2026年亚合资项目(中老柬血吸虫病监测预警及消除能力建设)
Dual wheel-driven by technological innovation and precision control: advancing schistosomiasis elimination in China during the 15th Five-Year Plan period
Received date: 2026-02-27
Revised date: 2026-02-28
Online published: 2026-02-28
Supported by
National Science Foundation of China(82073619);Asian Cooperation Project of 2026 (Capacity Building of Surveillance, Early Warning and Elimination of Schistosomiasis in China, Lao PDR and Cambodia)
血吸虫病曾是我国流行范围广、危害严重的重大传染病之一。消除血吸虫病是推进健康中国建设的重要内容。“十四五”期间，我国坚持以科技创新为支撑、精准防控为核心，构建“党政主导、部门协作、社会动员、全民参与”的工作机制，综合施治、精准防控、科学防控，全国顺利实现血吸虫病传播阻断目标。本文系统总结“十四五”时期血吸虫病防控中科技创新与精准防控融合应用的成效，深入分析当前面临的疫情反弹风险、技术瓶颈及防控短板，结合《加快实现消除血吸虫病目标行动方案（2023—2030年）》要求，提出“十五五”期间以“科技创新+精准防控”双轮驱动为核心的推进路径，包括强化核心技术攻关、健全精准防控体系、完善长效工作机制、深化多领域协同联动，为实现全国消除目标和持续巩固消除成果提供理论依据与实践指导。
许静 , 曹淳力 , 周晓农 , 李石柱 . 科技创新与精准防控双轮驱动——“十五五”中国消除血吸虫病推进路径[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2026 , 44(1) : 1 -7 . DOI: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2026.01.001
Schistosomiasis is a major infectious disease that was once widely prevalent and caused serious damages in China. Elimination of schistosomiasis is an important component to advance the Healthy China Initiative. During the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, China adhered to a strategy anchored in technological innovation and centered on precision control, establishing a working mechanism featuring “Party and government leadership, multi-sectoral collaboration, social mobilization, and whole-of-society participation”. Through integrated control, precise and science-based interventions, China achieved the target of transmission interruption of schistosomiasis nationwide. The paper systematically summarized the effectiveness of integrating technological innovation with precision control in national schistosomiasis control programme in China during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period and analyzed current risks of schistosomiasis rebound, technical bottlenecks and deficiencies in prevention and control capacities. According to the requirements of the Action Plan to Accelerate the Elimination of Schistosomiasis in China (2023-2030), this paper proposes the dual wheel-driven advancement pathways for schistosomiasis elimination anchored in technological innovation and centered on precision control during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period, including strengthening breakthroughs on core technologies, improving precision control systems, refining long-term working mechanisms, and deepening multi-domain collaboration and coordination, so as to provide the theoretical evidence and practical guidance for achieving the target of schistosomiasis elimination and sustainably consolidating the achievements of schistosomiasis elimination across the country.
| [1] | Zhou XN, Wang LY, Chen MG, et al. The public health significance and control of schistosomiasis in China: then and now[J]. Acta Trop, 2005, 96(2/3): 97-105. |
| [2] | 许静, 王强, 郭苏影, 等. 中国血吸虫病防控历史回顾与展望: 从发现到阻断传播[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2025, 43(2): 155-161. |
| Xu J, Wang Q, Guo SY, et al. History of schistosomiasis control in China: from discovery to transmission interruption[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2025, 43(2): 155-161. (in Chinese) | |
| [3] | 张利娟, 何君逸, 杨帆, 等. 2023年全国血吸虫病防治进展[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2024, 36(3): 221-227. |
| Zhang LJ, He JY, Yang F, et al. Progress of schistosomiasis control in People’s Republic of China in 2023[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2024, 36(3): 221-227. (in Chinese) | |
| [4] | 吕超, 许晓娟, 李佳佳, 等. 消除阶段重点地区野鼠血吸虫感染率调查[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志(中英文), 2025, 37(5): 475-481, 523. |
| Lü C, Xu XJ, Li JJ, et al. Prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infections in wild rodents in key areas during the elimination phase[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2025, 37(5): 475-481, 523. (in Chinese) | |
| [5] | 李琴, 郭苏影, 项江玲, 等. 1990—2020年气候变化驱动下我国钉螺生境适宜度评估[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志(中英文), 2025, 37(6): 580-590, 600. |
| Li Q, Guo SY, Xiang JL, et al. Assessment of suitability for Oncomelania hupensis snail habitats in China under climate changes from 1990 to 2020[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2025, 37(6): 580-590, 600. (in Chinese) | |
| [6] | 杨帆, 冯婷, 何君逸, 等. 2015—2021年全国新发和复现钉螺环境分布特征[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2023, 35(5): 437-443. |
| Yang F, Feng T, He JY, et al. Distribution characteristics of emerging and reemerging Oncomelania hupensis in China from 2015 to 2021[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2023, 35(5): 437-443. (in Chinese) | |
| [7] | 郭苏影, 李银龙, 李仕祯, 等. 2020—2022年全国血吸虫病监测点流动人群血清流行病学特征分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2024, 42(6): 694-700. |
| Guo SY, Li YL, Li SZ, et al. Serological epidemic characteristics of transient population at national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of China, 2020-2022[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2024, 42(6): 694-700. (in Chinese) | |
| [8] | 李仕祯, 张利娟, 郭苏影, 等. 我国境外输入性血吸虫病流行现状及挑战[J]. 中国热带医学, 2026, 26(1): 35-40. |
| Li SZ, Zhang LJ, Guo SY, et al. Epidemiological characteristics and challenges of imported schistosomiasis in China[J]. China Trop Med, 2026, 26(1): 35-40. (in Chinese) | |
| [9] | 许静, 曹淳力, 吕山, 等. 血吸虫病防治这10年: 进展与挑战[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2022, 34(6): 559-565, 579. |
| Xu J, Cao CL, Lü S, et al. Schistosomiasis control in China from 2012 to 2021: progress and challenges[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2022, 34(6): 559-565, 579. (in Chinese) | |
| [10] | 何君逸, 李仕祯, 邓王平, 等. 我国血吸虫病防治机构能力建设现状调查[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2024, 36(1): 67-73. |
| He JY, Li SZ, Deng WP, et al. Capacity building in schistosomiasis control institutions in China: a cross-sectional study[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2024, 36(1): 67-73. (in Chinese) | |
| [11] | 周晓农, 朱泽林, 涂宏, 等. 《加快实现消除血吸虫病目标行动方案(2023—2030年)》解读[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2024, 36(1): 7-12. |
| Zhou XN, Zhu ZL, Tu H, et al. Interpretation of the action plan to accelerate the elimination of schistosomiasis in China(2023-2030)[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2024, 36(1): 7-12. (in Chinese) | |
| [12] | 张利娟, 徐志敏, 杨帆, 等. 2021年全国血吸虫病防治进展[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2022, 34(4): 329-336. |
| Zhang LJ, Xu ZM, Yang F, et al. Progress of schistosomiasis control in People’s Republic of China in 2021[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2022, 34(4): 329-336. (in Chinese) | |
| [13] | 何君逸, 张利娟, 杨帆, 等. 2024年全国血吸虫病防治进展[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志(中英文), 2025, 37(3): 223-231. |
| He JY, Zhang LJ, Yang F, et al. Progress of schistosomiasis control in the People’s Republic of China in 2024[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2025, 37(3): 223-231. (in Chinese) | |
| [14] | 单晓伟, 陈新苗, 肖瑛, 等. 2015—2024年湖北省血吸虫病综合防治效果评估[J]. 热带病与寄生虫学, 2025, 23(5): 273-277. |
| Shan XW, Chen XM, Xiao Y, et al. Evaluation of comprehensive control effect of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province, 2015-2024[J]. J Trop Dis Parasitol, 2025, 23(5): 273-277. (in Chinese) | |
| [15] | 万佳嘉, 吴子松, 陈琳, 等. 从流行到清零: 四川省血吸虫病防治历程[J/OL]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志(中英文)(网络首发), 2025-11-04. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/32.1915.R.20251103.0945.001. |
| Wan JJ, Wu ZS, Chen L, et al. From transmission to elimination: progress of schistosomiasis control in Sichuan Province[J/OL]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2025-11-04. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/32.1915.R.20251103.0945.001. (in Chinese) | |
| [16] | 孙成松, 朱海, 章乐生, 等. 2020年洪涝灾害期间安徽省血吸虫病高风险地区疫情调查[J]. 热带病与寄生虫学, 2021, 19(2): 77-81. |
| Sun CS, Zhu H, Zhang LS, et al. Investigation on endemic situation of schistosomiasis in high-risk areas of Anhui Province during flood damage in 2020[J]. J Trop Dis Parasitol, 2021, 19(2): 77-81. (in Chinese) | |
| [17] | 许晓娟, 丁宋军, 代波, 等. 2020—2024年安徽省国家血吸虫病监测点疫情分析[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2025, 43(4): 482-488. |
| Xu XJ, Ding SJ, Dai B, et al. Endemic situation of schistosomiasis in national surveillance sites of Anhui Province from 2020 to 2024[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2025, 43(4): 482-488. (in Chinese) | |
| [18] | 唐琦, 吕超, 王熙, 等. 3种方法检测野鼠血吸虫感染的效果评价[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2025, 43(2): 186-191. |
| Tang Q, Lv C, Wang X, et al. Efficiency evaluation of three assays for detection of Schistosoma japonicum infections in wild mice[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2025, 43(2): 186-191. (in Chinese) | |
| [19] | Li YL, Guo SY, Dang H, et al. Oncomelania hupensis distribution and schistosomiasis transmission risk in different environments under field conditions[J]. Trop Med Infect Dis, 2023, 8(5): 242. |
| [20] | 江三红, 王丽曼, 孙丽, 等. 长江中下游流域血吸虫病传播风险监测预警指标体系研究[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2023, 35(5): 486-491. |
| Jiang SH, Wang LM, Sun L, et al. Construction of a surveillance and early warning index system for schistosomiasis transmission risk along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2023, 35(5): 486-491. (in Chinese) | |
| [21] | 公衍峰, 罗卓韦, 冯家鑫, 等. 基于监督式机器学习模型的上海市小尺度湖北钉螺扩散趋势预测研究[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2022, 34(3): 241-251. |
| Gong YF, Luo ZW, Feng JX, et al. Prediction of trends for fine-scale spread of Oncomelania hupensis in Shang-Hai Municipality based on supervised machine learning models[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2022, 34(3): 241-251. (in Chinese) | |
| [22] | 施倩雯, 沈玲娥, 周靖, 等. 2016—2023年江苏省苏州市钉螺扩散时空分布特征[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2024, 36(6): 577-583. |
| Shi QW, Shen LE, Zhou J, et al. Spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of Oncomelania hupensis snails spread in Suzhou City of Jiangsu Province from 2016 to 2023[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2024, 36(6): 577-583. (in Chinese) | |
| [23] | 张宗亚, 杜春红, 张云, 等. 基于随机森林和最大熵模型的云南省钉螺潜在地理分布预测[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2024, 36(6): 562-571, 613. |
| Zhang ZY, Du CH, Zhang Y, et al. Prediction of potential geographic distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in Yunnan Province using random forest and maximum entropy models[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2024, 36(6): 562-571, 613. (in Chinese) | |
| [24] | 马晓荷, 章乐生, 汪峰峰, 等. 基于深度学习技术的日本血吸虫抗体检测结果智能判读模型的建立和效能评价[J]. 热带病与寄生虫学, 2024, 22(6): 358-363. |
| Ma XH, Zhang LS, Wang FF, et al. Establishment and efficacy evaluation of a deep learning-based intelligent interpretation model for IHA detection results of Schistosoma japonicum antibody[J]. J Trop Dis Parasitol, 2024, 22(6): 358-363. (in Chinese) | |
| [25] | 施亮, 熊春蓉, 刘毛毛, 等. 基于深度学习技术的湖北钉螺视觉智能识别模型效能评价[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2021, 39(6): 764-770. |
| Shi L, Xiong CR, Liu MM, et al. Evaluation of efficacy of visual intelligent recognition model for Oncomelania hupensis based on deep learning technology[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2021, 39(6): 764-770. (in Chinese) | |
| [26] | 朱辉银, 李昱婷, 祝黛芊, 等. 人工智能辅助寄生虫虫卵检测平台的建立与应用[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2024, 36(6): 643-648. |
| Zhu HY, Li YT, Zhu DQ, et al. Establishment and application of an artificial intelligence-assisted platform for detection of parasite eggs[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2024, 36(6): 643-648. (in Chinese) | |
| [27] | 陈璐, 罗宏伟, 吴春江, 等. 基于人工智能的显微成像识别系统在血吸虫虫卵检测中的应用效果[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志(中英文), 2025, 37(4): 415-419. |
| Chen L, Luo HW, Wu CJ, et al. Effectiveness of an artificial intelligence-enabled microscopic imaging recognition system for detection of Schistosoma japonicum eggs[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2025, 37(4): 415-419. (in Chinese) | |
| [28] | 林伟娜, 邓王平, 杨颖, 等. 基于LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12a的日本血吸虫核酸快速检测方法的建立与初步评价[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2025, 43(2): 167-174. |
| Lin WN, Deng WP, Yang Y, et al. Establishment and preliminary evaluation of a rapid assay for detection of Schistosoma japonicum nucleic acid based on LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12a[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2025, 43(2): 167-174. (in Chinese) | |
| [29] | 汤宪时, 赵松, 杨静, 等. 日本血吸虫病小鼠粪便虫卵DNA检测荧光RAA法和ddPCR探针法比较[J]. 热带医学杂志, 2025, 25(1): 1-5, 11. |
| Tang XS, Zhao S, Yang J, et al. Comparison of fluorescence RAA and ddPCR probe method for faecal egg DNA detection of mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum[J]. J Trop Med, 2025, 25(1): 1-5, 11. (in Chinese) | |
| [30] | 李梦茹, 秦志强, 殷堃, 等. 基于环介导等温扩增技术及规则成簇间隔短回文重复序列的日本血吸虫核酸检测方法的建立及评价[J]. 中国热带医学, 2023, 23(7): 686-691. |
| Li MR, Qin ZQ, Yin K, et al. Establishment and evaluation of a LAMP-CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection method for Schistosoma japonicum[J]. China Trop Med, 2023, 23(7): 686-691. (in Chinese) | |
| [31] | 陈凤, 李科荣, 李文豹, 等. 血吸虫病传播阻断地区环介导等温扩增技术检测钉螺血吸虫感染性效果[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2022, 34(1): 81-84. |
| Chen F, Li KR, Li WB, et al. Performance of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detection of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Oncomelania snails in schistosomiasis transmission-interrupted regions[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2022, 34(1): 81-84. (in Chinese) | |
| [32] | 徐国磊, 冯延叶, 胡薇. 基于RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a技术的日本血吸虫特异性核酸片段快速可视化检测方法的建立和应用评估[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2024, 42(5): 608-614, 622. |
| Xu GL, Feng YY, Hu W. Establishment and application evaluation of a rapid visualization detection method for Schistosoma japonicum specific nucleic acid fragments based on RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a technology[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2024, 42(5): 608-614, 622. (in Chinese) | |
| [33] | Deng WP, Wang SL, Wang LP, et al. Laboratory evaluation of a basic recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay for early detection of Schistosoma japonicum[J]. Pathogens, 2022, 11(3): 319. |
| [34] | 兰炜明, 徐慧, 徐银, 等. 荧光定量PCR用于日本血吸虫感染高危环境早期预警的研究[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2023, 41(4): 502-505. |
| Lan WM, Xu H, Xu Y, et al. Study on early warning of high risk environment of Schistosoma japonicum infection by quantitative real-time PCR[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2023, 41(4): 502-505. (in Chinese) | |
| [35] | 陈勇, 许晓娟, 闻道龙, 等. 无人机施药技术在湖沼型环境药物灭螺成本-效果评价[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2024, 36(5): 502-506. |
| Chen Y, Xu XJ, Wen DL, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of chemical treatment with drones for Oncomelania hupensis control in marshland and lake areas[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2024, 36(5): 502-506. (in Chinese) | |
| [36] | 何君逸, 张云, 鲍子平, 等. 山丘型地区无人机喷洒5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂灭螺效果评价[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2023, 35(5): 451-457, 507. |
| He JY, Zhang Y, Bao ZP, et al. Molluscicidal effect of spraying 5% niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules with drones against Oncomelania hupensis in hilly regions[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2023, 35(5): 451-457, 507. (in Chinese) | |
| [37] | 郭照宇, 邵菊萍, 邹小青, 等. 基于影像组学与临床实验室指标构建血吸虫病肝纤维化分级诊断模型[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2024, 36(3): 251-258. |
| Guo ZY, Shao JP, Zou XQ, et al. Development of a grading diagnostic model for schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis based on radiomics and clinical laboratory indicators[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2024, 36(3): 251-258. (in Chinese) | |
| [38] | Guo ZY, Zhao MM, Liu ZH, et al. Feasibility of ultrasound radiomics based models for classification of liver fibrosis due to Schistosoma japonicum infection[J]. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2024, 18(6): e0012235. |
| [39] | Liu Y, Xie SD, Zhou J, et al. Using blood routine indicators to establish a machine learning model for predicting liver fibrosis in patients with Schistosoma japonicum[J]. Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1): 11485. |
| [40] | Li L, Zhang LJ, Li YL, et al. Unraveling the variation pattern of Oncomelania hupensis in the Yangtze River economic belt based on spatiotemporal analysis[J]. Trop Med Infect Dis, 2023, 8(2): 71. |
| [41] | Zhou Y, Jin YJ, Gong YF, et al. Risk prediction of emerging sites infested with schistosome-transmitting Oncomelania hupensis in Shanghai, China[J]. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2025, 112(4): 804-815. |
| [42] | Zhang XD, Lv ZL, Dai JJ, et al. Precision mapping of snail habitat in lake and marshland areas: integrating environmental and textural indicators using Random Forest modeling[J]. Heliyon, 2024, 10(16): e36300. |
| [43] | Xue JB, Xia S, Wang XY, et al. Recognizing and monitoring infectious sources of schistosomiasis by developing deep learning models with high-resolution remote sensing images[J]. Infect Dis Poverty, 2023, 12: 6. |
| [44] | Hong Z, Zhang SQ, Li L, et al. A nomogram for predicting prognosis of advanced Schistosomiasis japonica in Dongzhi County: a case study[J]. Trop Med Infect Dis, 2023, 8(1): 33. |
| [45] | Hong Z, Li YL, Zhang SQ, et al. Prognostic determinants and mortality risk of advanced schistosomiasis revealed by Lasso-Cox regression integrative approach[J]. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2026, 20(1): e0013846. |
| [46] | Hu F, Yang F, Xie HQ, et al. Predicting the occurrence of advanced schistosomiasis based on FISHER discriminant analysis of hematological biomarkers[J]. Pathogens, 2022, 11(9): 1004. |
| [47] | Li Q, Zheng JX, Jia TW, et al. Optimized strategy for schistosomiasis elimination: results from marginal benefit modeling[J]. Parasit Vectors, 2023, 16(1): 419. |
| [48] | Xu Q, Zhang HX, Qi YX, et al. Verifying interruption of transmission or elimination of Schistosoma japonicum must consider schistosome infections in wild rodents[J]. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2025, 19(4): e0012996. |
| [49] | Guo SY, Lyu C, Zhang LJ, et al. Effectiveness of an integrated one health intervention on Schistosoma japonicum infection in wild rodents: Anhui Province, China, 2022-2024[J]. China CDC Wkly, 2026, 8(5): 109-112. |
| [50] | Lv C, Deng WP, Wang LP, et al. Molecular techniques as alternatives of diagnostic tools in China as schistosomiasis moving towards elimination[J]. Pathogens, 2022, 11(3): 287. |
| [51] | 元艺, 曹淳力, 黄希宝, 等. 迈向血吸虫病消除阶段的钉螺控制策略[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2022, 34(4): 337-340, 351. |
| Yuan Y, Cao CL, Huang XB, et al. Oncomelania hupensis control strategy during the stage moving towards elimination of schistosomiasis in China[J]. Chin J Schisto Control, 2022, 34(4): 337-340, 351. (in Chinese) | |
| [52] | 陈兵, 张国莉, 张高红. 血吸虫病候选疫苗临床研究进展[J]. 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志, 2022, 40(4): 511-515. |
| Chen B, Zhang GL, Zhang GH. Research progress on clinical trials of schistosomiasis vaccine candidates[J]. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis, 2022, 40(4): 511-515. (in Chinese) |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |