目的 分析2016—2023年江西省血吸虫病传播阻断阶段防控策略的实施情况，评价防控效果，为实现血吸虫病消除目标提供科学依据。 方法 2016—2023年，江西省实施以传染源控制为主的综合防控措施，收集江西省39个血吸虫病流行县（市、区）的防治数据，包括人群查治病、家畜查治病、钉螺控制、健康教育及多部门综合治理项目等，通过寄生虫病防治信息管理系统提取疫情监测数据，采用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计学分析，对查灭螺、查治病、疫情监测、综合治理等措施实施情况进行描述性分析，应用χ²检验比较年度间差异。 结果 2016—2023年，江西省累计投入经费1.16亿元，先后在17个血吸虫病重点流行县（市、区）持续开展传染源控制综合防治示范区和推广区建设。截至2023年底，39个流行县（市、区）中24个达到消除标准，15个达到传播阻断标准。全省累计血清学检查4 570 976人次，血检阳性率为1.68%~3.21%，不同年度间差异有统计学意义（χ² = 4 833.74，P < 0.01）。本地人群和流动人群血清学阳性率逐年下降，降幅分别为47.88%和47.58%，年度间差异有统计学意义（χ²_本地 = 360.88，χ²_流动 = 156.82，P < 0.05）。全省累计粪检333 270人次，自2020年起未检出阳性患者；现有血吸虫病患者数显著下降，从2016年的12 212例下降至2023年的5 454例，降幅为55.34%。自2021年以来，现有血吸虫病患者均为晚期血吸虫病患者，呈缓慢下降趋势；全省家畜存栏头数从2016年的101 630头降至2023年的64 695头，减少了36.34%，2020年起未粪检出阳性耕牛，仅2021和2023年分别发现2、1处野粪阳性点，分别为2份野兔粪和1份牛粪。8年间未查出感染性钉螺，但实有钉螺面积有所增加，增幅为8.69%，其中湖沼型和山丘型钉螺面积增幅分别为8.48%和15.35%，累计钉螺新发面积25.38 hm²（1 hm² = 10 000 m²），主要在2020（0.89 hm²）、2021（11.69 hm²）和2022年（12.8 hm²）新发。国家监测点数据显示，活螺平均密度呈现显著下降趋势，降幅为88.00%。 结论 江西省血吸虫病疫情处于低流行水平并呈下降态势，仍需重视钉螺新发复现，野生动物监测以及人口跨区域流动等问题。

Objective To analyze the implementation of and evaluate the effectiveness of the schistosomiasis control strategy in Jiangxi Province during the stage of transmission interruption from 2016 to 2023, so as to provide insights into achieving the goal of schistosomiasis elimination. Methods The integrated strategy with an emphasis on management of the source of Schistosoma japonicum infection was implemented in Jiangxi Province from 2016 to 2023. Schistosomiasis control data were collected from 39 endemic counties (cities, districts) in Jiangxi Province, including examinations and chemotherapy for humans and livestock, snail control, health education, and multi-sectorial integrated control projects, and schistosomiasis surveillance data were extracted from the Information Management System for Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control. All statistical analyses were performed using the software SPSS 25.0, and the implementation of snail surveys and control, examinations and chemotherapy for schistosomiasis, disease surveillance, and integrated control measures was descriptively analyzed. Differences of proportions were tested for statistical significance with chi-square test. Results A total of 116 million Chinese Yuan were allocated to the schistosomiasis control programme in Jiangxi Province from 2016 to 2023, where the demonstration and promotion areas for the integrated strategy with an emphasis on management of the source of S. japonicum infection were built in 17 key schistosomiasis-endemic counties (cities/districts). As of the end of 2023, among 39 endemic counties (cities, districts), 24 achieved the criteria of schistosomiasis elimination and 15 achieved transmission interruption. Serological tests were performed for S. japonicum infections among 4 570 976 person-times in Jiangxi Province from 2016 to 2023, with annual seroprevalence of S. japonicum infections ranging from 1.68% to 3.21% (χ² = 4 833.74, P < 0.01), and the seroprevalence of S. japonicum infections appeared a tendency towards a decline among local residents (χ² = 360.88, P < 0.05) and floating populations (χ² = 156.82, P < 0.05) over years, with reductions of 47.88% and 47.58%, respectively. Parasitological tests were performed for schistosomiasis among 333 270 person-times, with no egg-positives detected since 2020. The number of current schistosomiasis cases decreased from 12 212 in 2016 to 5 454 in 2023 in Jiangxi Province, with a reduction of 55.34%, and the current schistosomiasis cases were all advanced cases since 2021, appearing a tendency towards a slow decline. The number of fenced livestock decreased from 101 630 in 2016 to 64 695 in 2023 in Jiangxi Province, with a reduction of 36.34%, with no egg-positive detected in bovines since 2020; however, there were two sites identified with S. japonicum infected wild stool samples in 2021 and one site with S. japonicum infected wild stool samples in 2023, including two hare stool samples and one bovine stool sample. No S. japonicum infection was detected in snails during the 8-year period from 2016 to 2023; however, the actual area of snail habitats increased by 8.69%, with an 8.48% increase in the area of snail habitats in marshland and lake regions and a 15.35% increase in hilly and marshland regions, respectively. The area of emerging snail habitats was 25.38 hm² (1 hm² = 10 000 m²), which was mainly detected in 2020 (0.89 hm²), 2021 (11.69 hm²), and 2022 (12.8 hm²). Results from schistosomiasis surveillance showed an 88.00% decline in the average density of living snails in national surveillance sites in Jiangxi Province. Conclusion The prevalence of schistosomiasis is low and appeared a tendency towards a decline in Jiangxi Province. However, a high priority requires to be given to control of emerging and re-emerging snails, wildlife surveillance, and management of cross-regional population mobility.