目的 了解2013—2023年安徽省传染病网络直报系统中法定寄生虫病报告情况，分析其流行病学特征。方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统获取2013年1月1日—2023年12月31日现住址为安徽省的阿米巴痢疾、血吸虫病、疟疾、内脏利什曼病、棘球蚴病和丝虫病等6种法定寄生虫病病例资料。采用描述性流行病学方法分析报告病例的三间分布特征、报告及时率，评价病例诊断至报告时间间隔，应用卡方检验、Fisher确切概率法及秩和检验进行组间比较。结果 2013—2023年安徽省共报告法定寄生虫病25 699例，其中血吸虫病24 536例、疟疾1 072例、阿米巴痢疾50例、内脏利什曼病6例、棘球蚴病35例、丝虫病0例。年均发病率3.79/10万，整体呈下降趋势。男性发病率为4.26/10万，高于女性的3.32/10万（χ² = 398.302，P < 0.05）。病例年龄主要集中在40~59岁，占60.96%（15 667/25 699）。职业以农民为主，占92.70%（23 824/25 699），发病高峰集中在6—11月，占76.26%（19 598/25 699）。安庆市报告的血吸虫病病例数占比最高（32.18%，7 896/24 536），合肥市报告的疟疾病例数占比最高（52.15%，559/1 072）。诊断至报告时间间隔中位数为4.61 h，棘球蚴病报告及时率最低，为97.14%（34/35），不同病种诊断至报告时间间隔以及报告及时率差异均有统计学意义（H = 26.559；χ² = 17.204，均P < 0.05）。结论 2013—2023年安徽省法定寄生虫病呈低流行态势，中老年、男性、农民为高发人群，不同病种的发病率存在地区差异，棘球蚴病报告及时率较低。

Objective To investigate the notifiable parasitic diseases reported to the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System (NNIDRS) in Anhui Province from 2013 to 2023, and to analyze their epidemiological characteristics. Methods The demographic and clinical characteristics of cases with six notifiable parasitic diseases, including amoebic dysentery, schistosomiasis, malaria, visceral leishmaniasis, echinococcosis, and filariasis, and with current address in Anhui Province during the period from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2023, were captured from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The temporal, spatial and population distributions of reported cases with six notifiable parasitic diseases, and the proportion of timely case reporting were analyzed with a descriptive epidemiological method, and the interval between disease diagnosis and case reporting to the NNIDRS was compared among groups with chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results A total of 25 699 cases with notifiable parasitic disease were reported in Anhui Province from 2013 to 2023, including 24 536 cases with schistosomiasis, 1 072 cases with malaria, 50 cases with amoebic dysentery, 6 cases with visceral leishmaniasis, 35 cases with echinococcosis, and no cases with filariasis were reported. The average annual incidence of notifiable parasitic diseases was 3.79/100 000 in Anhui Province from 2013 to 2023, and the annual incidence appeared an overall tendency towards a decline during the 11-year period. The incidence of notifiable parasitic diseases was higher among men (4.26/100 000) than among women (3.32/100 000) (χ² = 398.302, P < 0.05), and there were 60.96% (15 667/25 699) of cases with ages of 40 to 59 years. Farmer was the predominant occupation (92.70%, 23 824/25 699), and the incidence of notifiable parasitic diseases peaked during the period from June to November (76.26%, 19 598/25 699). The highest proportion of schistosomiasis cases was found in Anqing City (32.18%, 7 896/24 536), and the greatest proportion of malaria cases was recorded in Hefei City (52.15%, 559/1 072). The median interval between disease diagnosis and case reporting to the NNIDRS was 4.61 h, and the lowest percentage of timely case reporting was seen for echinococcosis (97.14%, 34/35). In addition, there were significant differences in the interval between disease diagnosis and case reporting (H = 26.559, P < 0.05) and the percentage of timely case reporting in terms of types of notifiable parasitic disease (χ² = 17.204, P < 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of notifiable parasitic diseases was low in Anhui Province from 2013 to 2023, with middle-aged and elderly male farmers as high-prevalence populations. In addition, there was a region-specific incidence rate of notifiable parasitic diseases, and the proportion of echinococcosis cases reporting to the NNIDRS was low.