目的 分析2017—2023年云南省棘球蚴病综合防治措施实施效果，为云南省制定棘球蚴病防控措施提供参考依据。方法 2017年在云南省9个州（市）24个县（市、区）实施中央重大疾病棘球蚴病防控项目，在流行区建立棘球蚴病监测和实验室检测体系、实行病例规范管理、进行病例个案流行病学调查、对疫点进行调查处置、防控传染源犬、防控中间宿主动物、健康科普。收集2016—2023年云南省棘球蚴病综合防治措施、防治和监测报表数据，以人群棘球蚴病患病率、犬棘球绦虫粪抗原阳性率、家畜棘球蚴病患病率、人群棘球蚴病防治知识知晓率为评价指标，采用SPSS 21.0统计学软件进行分析，应用χ²检验进行趋势性分析，以2016年度调查数据为基线，计算各年度的相对风险度，评价云南省棘球蚴病综合防治措施实施效果。结果 2017—2023年云南省建立了1个棘球蚴病防控工作站、2个省级棘球蚴病检测参比实验室，人群棘球蚴病B超筛查183万人次、病例随访365次和病例个案流行病学调查254次、病例规范管理率为100%、疫点调查处置5个。2023年人群棘球蚴病患病率（1.42/10万，11/774 609）与基线（38.17/10万，24/62 874）相比下降了96.28%，人群患病率差异有统计学意义（χ² = 187.881，P < 0.05）。居民棘球蚴病防治知识知晓率从基线的43.50%（5 075/11 668）提高至2023年89.20%（6 680/7 489）（χ² = 922.835，P < 0.05），小学生棘球蚴病防治知识知晓率从2019年77.86%（2 687/3 451）提高至2023年95.21%（7 097/7 454）（χ² = 44.170，P < 0.05）。犬棘球绦虫粪抗原阳性率从2017的4.38%（186/4 246）下降至2023年1.68%（141/8 392）（χ² = 367.928，P < 0.05），家畜动物患病率从基线的0.23%（8/3 472）下降至2023年0.12%（7/5 663）（χ² = 1.492，P > 0.05）。相对危险度分析显示，2023年较2017年人群棘球蚴病患病风险下降了97.99%，2023年传染源犬传播风险度与2018年相比下降了90.76%。各年度家畜动物棘球蚴病患病风险比差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论 2017—2023年云南省棘球蚴病综合防治措施取得了显著成效，传染源动物之间仍然存在传播流行，需继续强化传染源动物控制，有效阻断传播链。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive echinococcosis control measures in Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2023, so as to provide insights into formulation of the echinococcosis control strategy in the province in the future. Methods The central government fiscal transfer payment program for echinococcosis prevention and control was implemented across 24 counties (cities, districts) in 9 prefectures (cities) of Yunnan Province in 2017, and establishment of the echinococcosis surveillance and laboratory testing system, standardized management of echinococcosis patients, case investigation, investigation and disposal of foci, management of dogs and intermediate host animals and health education were performed in echinococcosis-endemic areas. The comprehensive echinococcosis control measures, echinococcosis control reports and echinococcosis surveillance reports were collected in Yunnan Province from 2016 to 2023, and the prevalence of human echinococcosis, positive rate of Echinococcus coproantigen in dogs, prevalence of echinococcosis in livestock, and awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge among residents were estimated. All analyses were performed with the statistical software SPSS 21.0, and the trends were tested with chi-square test. In addition, the relative risk was calculated from 2017 to 2023 based on the 2016 data, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive echinococcosis control measures in Yunnan Province. Results An echinococcosis control workstation and 2 province-level echinococcosis testing reference laboratories were built in Yunnan Province during the period between 2017 and 2023, when B-mode ultrasonography screening for human echinococcosis among 1.83 million person-times, 365 times of follow-up of echinococcosis patients, 254 case investigations, a 100% proportion of standardized case management and investigation and disposal of 5 foci were conducted. The prevalence of human echinococcosis reduced from 38.17/105 (24/62 874) at baseline to 1.42/105 (11/774 609) in 2023, with a reduction of 96.28% (χ² = 187.881, P < 0.05). The awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge increased from 43.50% (5 075/11 668) among residents at baseline to 89.20% (6 680/7 489) in 2023 (χ² = 922.835，P < 0.05), while the awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge increased from 77.86% (2 687/3 451) among primary school students in 2019 to 95.21% (7 097/7 454) in 2023 (χ² = 44.170，P < 0.05). The positive rate of Echinococcus coproantigen reduced from 4.38% (186/4 246) in dogs in 2017 to 1.68% (141/8 392) in 2023 (χ² = 367.928，P < 0.05), and the prevalence of echinococcosis reduced from 0.23% (8/3 472) in livestock at baseline to 0.12% (7/5 663) in 2023 (χ² = 1.492，P > 0.05). In addition, the risk of human echinococcosis reduced by 97.99% in 2023 relative to in 2017, and the risk of dog-associated transmission of echinococcosis reduced by 90.76% in 2023 relative to in 2018. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in the risk ratio of the prevalence of echinococcosis in livestock among years (P > 0.05). Conclusion Remarkable achievements had been obtained in the comprehensive echinococcosis control measures in Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2023; however, transmission of echinococcosis remained among animal sources of infections. Intensified management of animal sources of infections is required to effective block the transmission chain of echinococcosis.