分析河南省2020年确诊的输入性恶性疟病例血样的恶性疟原虫富组氨酸蛋白2（Pfhrp2）基因的缺失情况和外显子2区多态性。收集2020年河南省疟疾诊断参比实验室确诊的输入性恶性疟病例信息和血样，血样DNA进行巢式PCR扩增Pfhrp2基因外显子2区，阳性扩增产物进行测序。共收集确诊的输入性恶性疟病例血样37份，Pfhrp2基因外显子2区巢式PCR扩增阳性35份，阳性率94.59%（35/37）。35份扩增阳性产物中有28份测序成功，序列平均长度为822 bp。Pfhrp2基因外显子2区序列编码的氨基酸链共包含12种重复类型，均以1型（AHHAHHVAD）作为起始、12型（AHHAA）作为结束。28条氨基酸链均含有1型、2型、4型、11型和12型重复。其他重复类型占比从高到低依次为13型（96.43%，27/28），3型（92.86%，26/28），7型（82.14%，23/28），8型（64.29%，18/28），6型（60.71%，17/28），5型（46.43%，13/28）和9型（32.14%，9/28）。本研究结果显示，2020年河南省输入性恶性疟原虫虫株的Pfhrp2基因外显子2区片段存在高度多样性，可能会造成快速诊断检测结果的差异。

To analyze the deletion and polymorphism of exon 2 region of Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein 2 (Pfhrp2) gene from the blood samples of the imported falciparum malaria cases in Henan Province in 2020. The information and blood samples of the imported falciparum malaria cases confirmed by Henan Provincial Malaria Diagnosis Reference Laboratory in 2020 were collected. Nested PCR was performed to amplify Pfhrp2 exon 2 used DNA extracted from blood samples, and the positive amplification products were sequenced. A total of 37 blood samples of confirmed imported falciparum malaria cases were collected. 35 sequences of Pfhrp2 exon 2 were amplified successfully by nested PCR and the positive rates was 94.59% (35/37). 28 of 35 positive amplification products were sequenced successfully, with an average length of 822 bp. Twelve kinds of repeat types were found in the amino acid chains encoded by Pfhrp2 exon 2. All the amino acid chains started with types 1 (AHHAHHVAD) and ended with types 12 (AHHAA), and contained type 1, 2, 4, 11 and 12. The proportion of other repeat types in descending order were type 13 (96.43%, 27/28), 3 (92.86%, 26/28), 7 (82.14%, 23/28), 8 (64.29%, 18/28), 6 (60.71%, 17/28), 5 (46.43%, 13/28) and 9 (32.14%, 9/28), respectively. The results of this study showed that there was a high diversity of Pfhrp2 exon 2 in imported Plasmodium falciparum from Henan Province in 2020, which might cause different results of rapid diagnostic tests.