为了解新型冠状病毒感染（简称“新冠”）疫情暴发前后南京市输入性疟疾流行特征和病例诊断情况，收集2017—2022年南京市疟疾病例网络报告信息，对新冠疫情暴发前后南京市疟疾疫情概况以及病例的感染来源、三间分布和诊治情况等进行统计学分析。结果显示，2017—2022年南京市累计报告疟疾确诊病例89例，均为境外输入性病例，其中恶性疟占79.8%（71/89）。2017—2019年（新冠疫情暴发前）和2020—2022年（新冠疫情暴发后）分别报告疟疾病例71、18例，疫情暴发前后均以恶性疟为主，分别占78.9%（56/71）和15/18；报告病例的感染来源地主要为非洲地区，分别占94.4%（67/71）和18/18。2017—2019年各月均有输入性疟疾病例报告，其中1月报告病例数最多（12例）；2020—2022年病例分布无明显季节性，11月报告病例数最多（5例）。新冠疫情暴发前后的报告病例均以中青年男性和劳务工人为主。新冠疫情暴发前留学生报告病例占15.5%（11/71），疫情暴发后下降为0（χ² = 5.352，P < 0.05）。2017—2019年，报告病例的首次就诊单位和确诊单位均以市级医院为主，分别占报告病例总数的62.0%（44/71）和77.5%（55/71）；2020—2022年，报告病例主要的首次就诊单位和确诊单位均为区（县）级医院，分别占报告病例总数的15/18和12/18。新冠疫情暴发后，区（县）级医院确诊病例比例由疫情暴发前的8.4%（6/71）提高至12/18，就诊当日确诊的病例比例由42.2%（30/71）提高至13/18，差异均有统计学意义（χ² = 26.663、5.165，均P < 0.05）。2017—2019年，报告病例从发病到首次就诊的平均时间和中位数时间分别为2.8 d和2.0 d，首次就诊到确诊的平均时间和中位数时间分别为1.3 d和1.0 d；2020—2022年，报告病例从发病到首次就诊的平均时间和中位数时间分别为1.5 d和1.0 d，首次就诊到确诊的平均时间和中位数时间分别为0.3 d和0 d。新冠疫情暴发前的病例发病到就诊时间间隔和就诊到确诊时间间隔均长于新冠疫情暴发后（Z = -2.359、-2.658，均P < 0.05）。南京市在新冠疫情暴发后，疟疾病例的就诊及时性和医院的诊断效率均提高，区（县）级医院诊断水平提升。

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and diagnosis of imported malaria before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Nanjing City, data pertaining to the epidemic situation and case investigation of malaria in Nanjing City from 2017 to 2022 were collected from the National Notifiable Communicable Disease Reporting System to analyze the source of infection, distribution and diagnosis and treatment of malaria reported cases. A total of 89 malaria cases were reported in Nanjing City from 2017 to 2022, and all were imported cases. Among them, falciparum malaria accounted for 79.8% (71/89). A total of 71 and 18 malaria cases were reported before and after COVID-19 epidemic, respectively, and falciparum malaria accounted for the highest proportion before (78.9%, 56/71) and after the epidemic (15/18). The reported cases mainly acquired Plasmodium infections in African regions， with accounted for 94.4% (67/71) before and 18/18 after the epidemic. The reported cases were distributed in each month from 2017 to 2019, and the number of reported cases peaked in January (12 cases). There were no significant seasonal variations in the distribution of reported malaria cases from 2020 to 2022. The number of reported cases peaked in November (5 cases). The reported cases were mainly young and middle-aged males and labour workers before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The proportion of international students was 15.5% (11/71) before the pandemic, and decreased to 0 after the pandemic (χ² = 5.352, P < 0.05). From 2017 to 2019, the first treatment hospitals and diagnosis hospitals were mainly city-level hospitals, accounting for 62.0% (44/71) and 77.5% (55/71), respectively. From 2020 to 2022, the hospitals for initial treatment and final diagnosis were mainly county-level hospitals, accounting for 15/18 and 12/18, respectively. The proportion of confirmed cases in county-level hospitals was 8.4% (6/71) before the COVID-19 pandemic and increased to 12/18 after the epidemic. The proportion of malaria cases with definitive diagnoses upon admission increased from 42.2% (30/71) before the COVID-19 pandemic to 13/18 after the pandemic (χ² = 26.663, 5.165, all P < 0.05). From 2017 to 2019, the average and median time from the onset of symptoms to the initial treatment for each case were 2.8 d and 2.0 d, respectively. The average and median time from the initial visit to diagnosis were 1.3 d and 1.0 d, respectively. From 2020 to 2022, the average and median time from the onset of symptoms to the initial clinical visit were 1.5 d and 1.0 d, respectively. The average and median time from initial clinical visit to diagnosis were 0.3 d and 0 d, respectively. The interval between the onset of symptoms to initial clinical visit and the time of initial clinical visit to final diagnosis before the pandemic was significantly longer than that after the epidemic (Z = -2.359, -2.658, all P < 0.05). Higher efficiencies for the initial treatment and diagnosis of the malaria cases were observed. The diagnosis of malaria cases in county-level hospitals has been improved after the COVID-19 pandemic in Nanjing City.