目的 对来源于新疆博尔塔拉蒙古自治州和昌吉回族自治州的野外红狐尸首体表的疑似硬蜱进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定。方法 于2018—2019年采集新疆博尔塔拉蒙古自治州和昌吉回族自治州的野外红狐尸首体表的硬蜱，体视显微镜进行形态学观察。选取5只代表性成蜱（3♂, 2♀），分别提取DNA，PCR扩增线粒体基因片段16S rDNA并测序，序列采用BLAST进行比对，采用最大似然法建立系统进化树，利用MEGA 7.0软件进行同源性分析。结果 共采集38只硬蜱，雌雄分别36、2只。镜下可见蜱假头基明显，呈孔区卵圆形，须肢和口下板细长，排列不紧密，口下板长度和假头基宽度大约相等，气门板呈圆形，中心凹陷，盾板无缘垛，无花斑，无眼，肛沟为前沟型，足表面覆盖棕红色釉质，相对纤细，体表附大量细毛。雌蜱盾板覆盖盾板的前半部，生殖孔边缘有生殖帷；雄蜱盾板全部覆盖，肛沟为前沟型，肛侧板和肛板明显，与犬硬蜱雄蜱的形态特点相符。PCR扩增结果显示，5只蜱DNA均扩增出460 bp的目的条带。序列分析结果显示，5只代表蜱的16S rDNA序列相同，与中国新疆塔里木盆地来源的犬硬蜱（GenBank登录号为MG651937）序列一致性高达99.47%，与英国、德国和法国来源的犬硬蜱（GenBank登录号分别为KY962071、KY962069、KY962074）序列一致性均为99.20%。系统进化树分析结果显示，5只代表蜱的序列与中国新疆和法国来源的犬硬蜱聚为一支，与嗜鸟硬蜱、青紫硬蜱有较近的亲缘关系。结论 应用形态学和分子生物学相结合的方法鉴定了新疆红狐体表的犬硬蜱，该犬硬蜱与欧洲来源的犬硬蜱有较高同源性。

Objective To identify suspected ixodid tick species from the body surface of wild red fox (Vulpes vulpes) carcasses in Xinjiang using morphological and molecular biological methods. Methods The ixodid ticks were collected from the body surface of wild red fox carcasses in Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture and Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang in 2018—2019 and observed morphologically with stereomicroscope. Five representative adult ticks (3♂, 2♀) were selected and the mitochondrial gene fragment 16S rDNA was amplified by PCR and sequenced, subsequently, sequences alignment was conducted by BLAST, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed by the maximum likelihood method and homology analysis was performed by MEGA 7.0 software. Results A total of 38 ticks were collected with 36 females and 2 males. The morphological observation and identification showed that the ticks basis capituli was obvious, oval in the pore area, palps and hypostome are long and thin, not closely arranged. The length of the hypostome was about equal to the width of the basis capituli; the peritreme was round and the center was sunken, the scutum are no festoon, no piebaldness and no markings and no eyes in the piebaldness. The foot surface was covered with brown-red enamel, which was relatively thin. The body surface is covered with hairs. The front half of the female tick scutum was covered by the shield, the genital apron is on the edge of genital aperture. The scutum of the male tick was completely covered by the shield, and the anal groove was of anterior groove type, the anal lateral plate and the anal plate were visible; which is consistent with the male I. canisuga morphological characteristics. PCR results showed that the target band of 460 bp was amplified from the DNA of all 5 ticks. Sequence analysis revealed that all the five representative ticks had the same 16S rRNA sequence. The sequence homology with I. canisuga (GenBank accession number: MG651937) from Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, China was 99.47%. The sequence homology with I. canisuga (GenBank accession number: KY962074) from the United Kingdom, France and Germany was 99.20%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the representative ticks were clustered to I. canisuga originated from Europe and Xinjiang Province in China, and close to I. lividus (GenBank accession number: KJ414534) and I. arboricola (GenBank accession number: KJ414461). Conclusion Using morphological and molecular biology approaches, I. canisuga was identified from the ticks found on the body surface of Xinjiang red fox, which is highly homologous with the species from Europe.