为了解传疟媒介中华按蚊对杀虫剂的抗药性状况，2021年7—9月于河南省信阳市平桥区、开封市祥符区、许昌市襄城县和南阳市唐河县等4县（区）的羊圈、猪圈或牛棚等附近采集按蚊，经形态学鉴定后，采用WHO推荐的成蚊滤纸接触筒法测定雌性中华按蚊对0.05%溴氰菊酯（0.017 8 g/m²）、0.15%高效氟氯氰菊酯（0.053 4 g/m²）、0.1%残杀威（0.035 7 g/m²）和5%马拉硫磷（1.78 g/m²）的抗药性，并判定中华按蚊对不同杀虫剂的抗性级别。结果显示，平桥区、祥符区、襄城县和唐河县共采集1 334只中华按蚊用于抗性测定。唐河县受试蚊接触溴氰菊酯的首只击倒时间最长为25.85 min，平桥区受试蚊接触高效氟氯氰菊酯药膜的首只击倒时间最短为2.83 min。平桥区、祥符区、襄城县和唐河县受试蚊接触高效氟氯氰菊酯的60 min后击倒率分别为24.42%（21/86）、2.47%（2/81）、37.31%（25/67）和45.45%（25/55）（χ² = 39.355，P < 0.05）；接触溴氰菊酯的分别为75.86%（66/87）、2.33%（2/86）、10.81%（8/74）和20.35%（23/113）（χ² = 142.630，P < 0.05）；接触残杀威的分别为48.28%（42/87）、22.62%（19/84）、50.50%（51/101）和72.34%（34/47）（χ² = 32.635，P < 0.05）；接触马拉硫磷的分别为66.29%（59/89）、15.69%（16/102）、82.54%（104/126）和91.84%（45/49）（χ² = 133.489，P < 0.05）。唐河县受试蚊接触高效氟氯氰菊酯和残杀威药膜24 h死亡率分别为70.91%和80.60%，平桥区受试蚊接触溴氰菊酯药膜24 h死亡率为85.85%，均已达到抗性。平桥区和唐河县中华按蚊对马拉硫磷24 h死亡率分别为97.43%和97.67%，抗性级别为初步抗性群体；祥符区和襄城县中华按蚊对马拉硫磷24 h死亡率为64.23%和99.21%，抗性级别分别为抗性群体和敏感群体。河南省4县（区）中华按蚊对马拉硫磷抗性水平从敏感到抗性不等，但对溴氰菊酯、高效氟氯氰菊酯和残杀威已产生高度抗性。

To understand the resistance of Anopheles sinensis to insecticides, An. sinensis were captured near sheepfolds, pigstys or cowsheds in four counties (districts), including Pingqiao District of Xinyang City, Xiangfu District of Kaifeng City, Xiangcheng District of Xuchang City, and Tanghe County of Nanyang City in Henan Province from July to September 2021. The An. sinesis was identified by morphology. The insecticide susceptibility test of female An. sinensis was determined by the filter-paper bioassay, which is recommended by WHO, using 0.05% deltamethrin (0.017 8 g/m²), 0.15% beta-cyfluthrin (0.053 4 g/m²), 0.1% propoxur (0.035 7 g/m²), and 5% malathion (1.78 g/m²). The result showed that a total of 1 334 An. sinensis were used for insecticide susceptibility test in Pingqiao District, Xiangfu District, Xiangcheng County and Tanghe County. The mosquitoes were exposed to the four insecticide films, including, beta-cyfluthrin, deltamethrin, propoxur and malathion. The longest knockdown time of the first mosquito exposed to deltamethrin was seen in mosquitoes collected from Tanghe was 25.85 min, and the shortest knockdown time of the first mosquito exposed to deltamethrin was seen in mosquitoes collected from Pingqiao, which was 2.83 min. The knockdown rate of cypermethrin against the tested mosquitoes from Pingqiao District, Xiangfu District, Xiangcheng County and Tanghe County after 60 min was 24.42% (21/86), 2.47% (2/81), 37.31% (25/67) and 45.45% (25/55), respectively (χ² = 39.355, P < 0.05）. The knockdown rate of deltamethrin against mosquitoes from all different sites were 75.86% (66/87), 2.33% (2/86), 10.81% (8/74) and 20.35% (23/113), respectively (χ² = 142.630, P < 0.05). The knockdown rate of propoxur against mosquitoes from all different sites were 48.28% (42/87), 22.62% (19/84), 50.50% (51/101) and 72.34% (34/47), respectively (χ² = 32.635, P < 0.05). The knockdown rate of malathion against mosquitoes from all different sites were 66.29% (59/89), 15.69% (16/102), 82.54% (104/126) and 91.84% (45/49), respectively (χ² = 133.489, P < 0.05). The mortality rate of mosquitoes from Tanghe exposed to beta-cypermethrin and propoxur for 24 h was 70.91% and 80.60%, respectively, and the mortality rate of mosquitoes from Pingqiao exposed to deltamethrin for 24 h was 85.85%, which had reached resistance. The 24 h mortality rates of mosquitoes from Pingqiao and Tanghe to malathion were 97.43% and 97.67%. The resistance levels were possible resistance; The 24 h mortality rates of mosquitoes from Xiangfu and Xiangcheng to malathion were 64.23% and 99.21%. The resistance levels were resistance and susceptible. The resistance level of An. sinensis to malathion varies from susceptible to resistance but has developed resistance to deltamethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, and propoxur in four surveillance sites of Henan Province.