目的 了解2016—2020年广东省华支睾吸虫病高流行地区的人群感染状况,为制订防控策略提供依据。 方法 2016—2020年,将广东省江门市新会区按地理方位划分为东、西、南、北、中5个片区,每个片区随机选择1个乡（镇）（大鳌镇、三江镇、沙堆镇、司前镇、崖门镇）为固定监测点,每年每个乡（镇）整群抽取一个行政村中的3周岁以上常住居民200人以上,采集人群粪样,采用改良加藤厚涂片法检查华支睾吸虫虫卵（一粪两检）。采用χ²检验比较组间率的差异。 结果 2016—2020年,新会区5个监测点共检测人群粪样5 116份,总感染率为14.6%（749/5 116）。2016—2020年监测人群华支睾吸虫感染率分别为23.1%（237/1 025）、15.5%（156/1 005)、13.1%（134/1 021）、13.8%（142/1 031）、7.7%（80/1 034）,年感染率呈下降趋势,不同年份间感染率差异有统计学意义（χ² = 101.56,P < 0.01）。5个固定监测点的人群感染率分别为大鳌38.7%（404/1 045）,司前13.9%（142/1 025）,三江10.5%（105/1 003）,沙堆6.0%（61/1 017）和崖门3.6%（37/1 026）,不同地区间感染率差异有统计学意义（χ² = 657.67,P < 0.01）。感染者平均年龄为43.1岁,< 18岁组感染率最低,为5.6%（79/1 415）;61~70岁组感染率最高,为20.6%（97/470）;不同年龄组间感染率差异有统计学意义（χ² = 137.0, P < 0.01）。不同职业人群以公职人员感染率最高,为24.7%（36/146）,不同职业人群感染率差异有统计学意义（χ² = 156.44, P < 0.01）。不同文化程度人群以文盲、半文盲人群感染率最高,为16.8%（17/101）,不同文化程度人群感染率差异无统计学意义（χ² = 9.33,P > 0.05）。男性感染率为16.5%（412/2 492）,高于女性的12.8%（337/2 624）（χ² = 13.93,P < 0.01）。感染者中,轻度占97.2%（728/749）、中度占2.8%（21/749）,无重度感染。 结论 2016—2020年广东省华支睾吸虫病高流行地区监测人群华支睾吸虫感染率仍然较高,但总体呈现下降趋势,以轻度感染为主,今后需要重点监测18岁以上的男性人群。

Objective To understand the prevalence of clonorchiasis among people in high endemic areas in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020, and to provide a basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies. Methods For surveillance on clonorchiasis from 2016 to 2020, in Χinhui district of Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province, five regions were designated according to the geographic position in the east, west, south, north and middle part, from each of them, one township (town) was randomly selected as regular surveilence site in Χinhui District of Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province including Da’ao, Sanjiang, Shadui, Siqian, and Yamen. Every year, over 200 permanent residents aged 3 or above were cluster selected from an administrative village of each selected town. Fecal samples were collected from the participants and examined for Clonorchis sinensis eggs using the Kato-Katz thick smear method (two slide readings per sample). Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to compare the rates between groups. Results From 2016 to 2020, a total of 5116 fecal samples were collected and examined from five surveillance sites in Xinhui District, with a overall infection rate of 14.6% (749/5 116). The annual infection rates of C. sinensis from 2016 to 2020 were 23.1% (237/1 025), 15.5% (156/1 005), 13.1% (134/1 021), 13.8% (142/1 031), and 7.7% (80/1 034), respectively, showing a downward trend. The difference in infection rate between different years was statistically significant (χ² = 101.56,P < 0.01). The infection rates in residents at the five regular surveillance sites were 38.7% (404/1 045) in Da’ao, 13.9% (142/1 025) in Siqian, 10.5% (105/1 003) in Sanjiang, 6.0% (61/1 017) in Shadui and 3.6% (37/1 026) in Yamen. The infection rate in different regions was statistically significant(χ² = 657.67,P < 0.01). The average age of the infected was 43.1 years old. The lowest infection rate of 5.6% (79/1 415) was seen in the age group of < 18 years, while the highest infection rate of 20.6% (97/47) was seen in the age 61-70 group. The infection rate in different age groups was statistically significant (χ² = 137.0, P < 0.01). Among all occupations, the highest infection rate of 24.7% (36/146) was seen in public servants. There was a statistically significant difference in the infection rate among different occupations (χ² = 156.44, P < 0.01). The infection rate among illiterate and semi-illiterate people was 16.8% (17/101). There was no significant difference in the infection rate among people with different education levels(χ² = 9.33, P > 0.05). The average infection rates in 2016—2020 were 16.5% (412/2 492) and 12.8% (337/2 624) for males and females, respectively. The infection rate in males was significantly higher than that for females (χ² = 13.93, P < 0.01). Of all the infected individuals, 97.2% (728/749) were infection, 2.8% (21/749) moderately infection, and no severe infections. Conclusion The surveillance conducted from 2016 to 2020 indicated tha C. sinensis infection in residents in the high endemic areas of the Guangdong Province remained considerably high but showed an overall decreasing trend, with mainly having mild infection. Based on the results, future surveillance needs to stress on the males aged over 18 years.