保定市第二中心医院于2020年10月16日收治1例48岁女性晚期肺癌患者,患者自述双手麻木,后背部持续性疼痛,有腹痛、腹泻症状,长期便秘,贫血,进行性消瘦。入院后查体,浅表淋巴结未触及肿大,双肺呼吸音清,后背部7~8胸椎叩击痛阳性。实验室检查,血红蛋白88 g/L。粪常规涂片低倍镜下发现大量运动活跃的寄生虫,高倍镜下发现虫卵和杆状蚴。结合患者病史、临床表现、相关辅助检查等,确诊为艾氏小杆线虫病。患者口服阿苯达唑（每次400 mg,每日2次）治疗5 d。10月21日和11月16日复查粪常规涂片,未找到虫体,患者症状好转,贫血改善,体质量明显增长。

A 48-year-old female patient with late stage lung cancer was admitted at Baoding Second Central Hospital on October 16, 2020. The patient reported numbness in both hands, persistent back pain, abdominal pain and diarrhea, long-term constipation, anemia, and progressive weight loss. Physical examination after admission showed no palpable enlargement of superficial lymph nodes, and clear breath sounds in both lungs, and positive percussion pain on 7-8 thoracic vertebrae in the back. Laboratory tests, hemoglobin 88 g/L. A large number of active parasites were found under the low magnification by microscope on the routine smear, and the eggs were found under the high magnification by microscope. Combined with the patient’s medical history, clinical manifestations and related auxiliary examinations, the diagnosis of Ehrlichen worm disease was made. The patient received oral albendazole (400 mg each time, twice a day) for 5 days. The patient was reviewed for the routine smear microscope on October 21 and November 16, respectively. No parasites were found under the routine smear microscope, the symptoms improved, the anemia improved, and the weight increased significantly.