目的 了解我国棘球蚴病疫情分布状况及流行病学特点,为优化防治策略提供依据。 方法 收集2004—2020年国家传染病报告信息管理系统中全国棘球蚴病报告病例的数据,采用Microsoft Office 2016软件对报告病例的时间分布、地区分布、人群分布进行描述性统计分析。 结果 2004—2020年全国31个省（直辖市、自治区）共报告棘球蚴病病例66 040例,其中9个流行省份[新疆（包括新疆生产建设兵团）、四川、青海、甘肃、宁夏、西藏、内蒙古、陕西和云南]报告65 340例,占全国总报告病例数的98.9%,22个非流行省份报告700例,占全国报告病例的1.1%。男性31 494例,女性34 546例。全国报告棘球蚴病例数从2004年的991例上升至2020年的3 650例,呈逐年增多的趋势（z = 2.27,P < 0.05）。非流行省份报告棘球蚴病例数从2004年的17例上升至2020年的56例,亦呈逐年增多趋势（z = 4.1675,P < 0.05）。报告病例年龄分布主要以≥ 20岁年龄组为主,占91.3%（60 271/66 040）,年龄不足1岁11例,≥ 85岁200例;职业分布中牧民和农民占全国报告病例数的72.8%（48 074/66 040）,其他主要为家务及待业者（5.5%,3 606/66 040）,学生（4.6%,3 034/66 040）。2020年非流行区共报告56例,河南报告最多（16例）;其中输入性病例38例,由新疆输入24例;10个省份存在疑似本地感染病例。 结论 我国西部9个省份的棘球蚴病流行仍然十分严重,报告病例数呈增多趋势。牧民和农民、青中年为高发人群。

Objective To analyze the endemic situation and epidemiological characteristics of echinococcosis in China, and provide a scientific basis for optimizing control strategy. Methods From the Infectious Diseases Report System of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, information of nationwide echinococcosis cases reported in 2004 to 2020 were collected, and descriptively analyzed on time distribution, the regional distribution, and demographic distribution, using Microsoft Office 2016 software. Results From 2004 to 2020, a total of 66 040 cases of echinococcosis were reported in 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), among which 65 340 cases were reported in nine endemic provinces (Xinjiang, Sichuan, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi and Yunnan) and 700 cases were reported in 22 non-endemic provinces, accounting for 98.9% and 1.1% of the total, respectively. Among the nationwide total, 31 494 male cases and 34 546 female cases were recorded. The toal number of reported cases of echinococcosis was on the increase from 991 in 2004 to 3 650 on 2020, showing an increasing trend (z = 2.27, P < 0.05). The number of reported cases of echinococcosis from non-endemic provinces in 2004 was 17 cases, which increased to 56 in 2020, showing an increasing trend (z = 4.1675, P < 0.05). The age distribution indicated that majority (91.3%) of cases were at the age goup of ≥ 20, whereas 11 cases were at the age group of under one year old, and 200 cases were at 85 years old or older. The occupation distribution demonstrated that herdsmen and farmers accounted for 72.8% (48 074/66 040) of the total, housework and unemployed 5.5% for (3 606/66 040); and students for 4.6% (3 034/66 040). A total of 56 cases were reported in non-epidemic areas in 2020, including 38 imported cases. Henan reported the most cases with 16, Xinjiang imported 24 cases, and 10 provinces had suspected local cases. Conclusion The endemicity of echinococcosis in nine west provinces remains high. The number of reported cases showed increasing trend. Herdsmen, farmerd, youth and middle age are the population with high prevalence.