目的 了解2017—2018年青海省久治县人群棘球蚴病患病及防治知识知晓情况。 方法 2017—2018年,对久治县7个乡（镇）2岁以上常住居民采用整群随机抽样方法,进行B超影像学检查,了解人群棘球蚴病患病情况;针对不同职业人群随机开展棘球蚴病防治知识现场问卷调查,了解人群棘球蚴病防治知识知晓情况。率的比较采用卡方检验。 结果 共对久治县25 238人进行了B超影像学检查,检出棘球蚴病患者798例,患者检出率为3.2%;其中细粒棘球蚴病患者245例（占30.7%）,多房棘球蚴病患者549例（占68.8%）,混合型棘球蚴病患者4例（占0.5%）。女性棘球蚴病检出率为4.0%（498/12 327）,高于男性的2.3%（300/12 911）（χ² = 60.668,P < 0.01）。60岁以下人群棘球蚴病检出率随年龄增长而增高,其中,50~60岁人群棘球蚴病检出率最高,为8.0%（141/1 756）（χ² = 439.082,P < 0.01）。不同文化程度人群中以文盲人群棘球蚴病检出率最高,为20.7%（693/3 356）（χ² = 3 871.087,P < 0.01）。冬季定居夏季游牧人群棘球蚴病检出率为4.0%（743/18 561）,高于定居人群的0.8%（55/6 677）（χ² = 162.104,P < 0.01）。不同地区中以哇尓依乡人群棘球蚴病检出率最高,为10.9%（349/3 218）（χ² = 881.983,P < 0.01）。2017、2018年针对不同职业人群分别完成问卷调查431份和449份,人群棘球蚴病防治知识知晓率分别为84.5%（364/431）和94.5%（426/449）。结论 久治县人群棘球蚴病检出率较高,2018年人群棘球蚴病防治知识知晓率较2017年有所提高。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and knowledge awareness of echinococcosis in Jiuzhi County, Qinghai Province during 2017—2018. Methods Residents above 2 years of age in seven townships (town) in Jiuzhi County were selected with a cluster random sampling method during 2017—2018 and subjected to B-ultrasound examination to determine the prevalence of echinococcosis in the residents. A field questionnaire regarding knowledge of echinococcosis prevention and control was performed randomly among groups with different occupations. Results A total of 25 238 people in Jiuzhi County received B-ultrasound examination, 798 of them were diagnosed with echinococcosis, showing a prevalence rate of 3.2% (798/25 238). Of the diagnosed cases, 245 were cystic echinococcosis (30.7%), 549 with alveolar echinococcosis (68.8%), and 4 mixed type (0.5%). The prevalence was higher in females (4.0%, 498/12 327) than males (2.3%, 300/12 911) (χ² = 60.668, P < 0.01). The prevalence of echinococcosis increased with age, and was highest in the age group 50-60 (8.0%, 141/1 756) (χ² = 439.082, P < 0.01). The prevalence was highest in the illiterate group (20.7%, 693/3 356) (χ² = 3 871.087, P < 0.01) among all groups of educational levels. The prevalence in the nomadic population (4.0%, 743/18 561) was higher than that in the settled population (0.8%, 55/6 677) (χ² = 162.104, P < 0.01). The prevalence of echinococcosis was highest in Waeryi township (10.9%, 349/3 218) (χ² = 881.983, P < 0.01). In 2017 and 2018, 431 and 449 questionnaires were completed in the residents with different occupations, and the awareness rates of echinococcosis were 84.5% (364/431) and 94.5% (426/449), respectively. Conclusion High prevalence of echinococcosis was found in Jiuzhi County. The rate of awareness on echinococcosis control in 2018 was higher than that in 2017.