目的 分析新型冠状病毒肺炎（简称新冠肺炎）疫情期间我国疟疾病例监测与响应情况,为我国做好新冠肺炎疫情下消除疟疾工作提供参考。方法 从寄生虫病防治信息管理系统检索获取新冠肺炎疫情前后4个月（2019年12月1日—2020年3月31日）和上年同期（2018年12月1日—2019年3月31日）、前年同期（2017年12月1日—2018年3月31日）全国（不包括香港、澳门和台湾地区）疟疾报告病例相关数据和资料,根据新冠肺炎疫情防控重要时间节点,分析新冠肺炎前后4个月与前两年同期,以及新冠肺炎疫情不同时间段（2019年12月1日—2020年1月22日、2020年1月23日—2020年3月17日和2020年3月18日—2020年3月31日）我国疟疾报告病例和死亡病例数量、病例发病到首次就诊时间间隔中位数和平均数、初诊到确诊时间间隔中位数和平均数、“1-3-7”指标完成情况和感染来源地等差异情况。结果 2019年12月1日—2020年3月31日,全国共报告疟疾病例750例,报告病例均为输入性病例,较上年同期的826例减少9.2%,较前年同期的863例减少13.1%,病例减少主要发生在2020年2—3月。病例从发病到初诊时间（中位数1 d,平均数2.0 d）、初诊到确诊时间（中位数1 d,平均数1.8 d）、确诊后1 d内报告率（100%）、3 d内流行病学个案调查率（98.4%）和7 d内疫点调查处置率（100%）与上年同期差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。新冠肺炎疫情下,报告疟疾病例从发病到初诊时间间隔在第1阶段为中位数1 d,平均数（1.9 ± 0.1）d;第2阶段为中位数1 d,平均数（2.1 ± 0.3）d;第3阶段为中位数1 d,平均数（1.5 ± 0.3）d;三者差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。病例初诊到确诊的时间间隔在第1阶段为中位数0 d,平均数（1.5 ± 0.2）d;第2阶段为中位数1 d,平均数（2.3 ± 0.3）d;第3阶段为中位数0.5 d,平均数（1.5 ± 0.4）d;三者差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）,其中第2阶段的平均时间间隔长于第1阶段（P < 0.01）。结论 除新冠肺炎疫情第2阶段对报告的输入性疟疾病例确诊及时性略受影响外,我国消除疟疾核心措施均正常开展。

Objective To assess the case-based malaria surveillance and response during the period of COVID-19 outbreak in China, in order to provide reference for malaria elimination under the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Information of malaria cases reported during the four months pre- and post-COVID-19 outbreak (December 1, 2019—March 31, 2020) and in the same time period of past two years in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan regions) was obtained from the Parasitic Disease Control Information Management System. Cross-sectional survey and comparison were conducted for malaria surveillance and response data in 3 four-month time periods (December 1, 2019 to January 22, 2020; January 23 to March 17, 2020; and March 18—31, 2020). The number of malaria cases including deaths, the median and average time interval from disease onset to the first visit, the median and average of time interval from the first visit to the confirmed diagnosis, the completion status of the “1-3-7” task and the source of infections in each period were analyzed and compared to the same times in the past two years. Results From December 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020, a total of 750 malaria cases, which were all imported cases, were reported in China, decreased by 9.2% from that reported during December 2018 and March 2019 (826 cases) and by 13.1% from that reported during December 2017 to March 2018 (863 cases). The decrease mainly occurred in February and March in 2020; there were no statistical differences in the time interval from onset to first visit (median 1 day, mean 2.0 days), time interval from first visit to confirmed diagnosis (median 1 day, mean 1.8 days), case reporting rate within 1 day (100%), case epidemiological investigation rate within 3 days (98.4%), epidemic site disposal rate within 7 days (100%) between the time period of COVID-19 outbreak and the same time in the past year (December 2018 to March 2019). In addition, no statistical difference (P > 0.05) was found in the time intervals from onset to first visit among the first period [median 1 d, average (1.9 ± 0.2) d], the second period [median 1 d, average (2.1 ± 0.3) d] and the third period [median 1 d, mean (1.5 ± 0.3) d], while the time interval from the first visit to the confirmed diagnosis was statistically different (P < 0.05) among the first period[median 0 d, average (1.5 ± 0.2) d], the second period [median 1 d, mean (2.3 ± 0.3) d] and the third period [median 0.5 d, average (1.5 ± 0.4) d], where the time interval in the second period was longer than that in the first period (P < 0.01). Conclusion China’s core measures to eliminate malaria have been carried out as planned, although the timely malaria diagnosis was slightly affected in the second time period (January 23 to March 17, 2020).