目的 了解四川省石渠县棘球蚴病流行区不同野外中间宿主动物的活动特点,探索其在棘球绦虫传播中的暴露风险,为防治工作提供科学依据。 方法 于2018—2020年的不同月份,在石渠县尼呷镇、俄多玛乡定居点1 km半径范围内设置12个观察点,每个观察点均采用红外感应触发相机观察记录6 m以内的棘球绦虫中间宿主动物的地面活动情况,红外相机固定在距离地面高约100 cm的电线杆或围栏上,放置3 d以上,设置为每次触发后拍摄10 s或25 s的视频。在红外相机记录有小型哺乳类动物活动的范围内捕捉动物进行鉴定,剖解取肝组织PCR扩增所采捕捉动物的细胞色素b基因（Cyt b）,双向测序后在GenBank中进行BLASTN比对,鉴定捕捉动物的物种。 结果 12个观察点均获得视频记录,共计743 min;捕捉到59只小型哺乳类动物,其中6个观察点捕获的动物为兔形目的高原鼠兔,其Cyt b序列与GenBank中的高原鼠兔Cyt b基因序列（登录号为FJ227464）的一致性达99%以上;另6个观察点捕获的动物为啮齿目的青海松田鼠,其Cyt b序列与GenBank中的青海松田鼠Cyt b基因序列（登录号为KU214680、KU214681）的一致性达99%以上。高原鼠兔的地面活动开始时间为6 ∶ 46,结束时间为20 ∶ 41,活动高峰期出现在9 ∶ 00、12 ∶ 00、17 ∶ 00左右,17 ∶ 00活动高峰最高;白天在地面活动的状态有食草、奔跑、观望、玩耍、打洞,分别占45.8%（546/1 192）、33.6%（400/1 192）、16.9%（201/1 192）、2.9%（34/1 192）、0.9%（11/1 192）。青海松田鼠地面活动开始时间为7 ∶ 18,结束时间为20 ∶ 14,活动高峰期出现在9 ∶ 00、12 ∶ 00、14 ∶ 00、17 ∶ 00左右,9 ∶ 00活动高峰最高;白天在地面活动的状态有奔跑、食草、观望、打洞、玩耍、清理身体、采草,分别占34.2%（131/383）、32.9%（126/383）、19.6%（75/383）、6.3%（24/383）、4.2%（16/383）、1.6%（6/383）、1.3%（5/383）。 结论 棘球绦虫不同野外中间宿主动物白天的活动规律有一定差异,其中高原鼠兔和青海松田鼠的活动开始时间、结束时间、活动频率及活动状态有所不同,高原鼠兔活动开始时间早于青海松田鼠,活动结束时间晚于青海松田鼠,全天活动更为频繁;青海松田鼠上午活动比下午积极,高原鼠兔下午比上午积极;青海松田鼠比高原鼠兔对外界更加警惕,高原鼠兔暴露在终宿主的捕食范围内的风险更高。

Objective To understand the behavioral activities of the different wild animals as intermediate hosts for Echinococcus spp. in Shiqu County, and to explore their exposure risk in the transmission of Echinococcus spp., in order to provide scientific basis for prevention and control. Methods During 2018—2020, 12 observation sites were set up within a radius of 1 km from the settlements of Niga Town and Odoma Township in Shiqu County, at varied months, and in each observation site infrared-triggered cameras were used to record the ground activity of the intermediate host animals of Echinococcus spp. within the range of 6 m. The infrared cameras were installed on a telephone pole or fence at about 100 cm high for over 3 days to record a 10-s or 25-s video after each triggering. Animal samples were captured within the range of camera-recorded, identified for species, and underwent PCR amplification of cytochrome b gene (Cyt b) followed by double-stranded DNA sequencing. The sequences were compared by BLASTN in GenBank to identify the species. Results Video records were obtained from all 12 observation sites, with a total length of 743 minutes, and 59 small mammals were captured, of which those from 6 observation sites were identified to be Ochotona curzoniae of the order Lagomorpha, with sequence homology of > 99% to the Cyt b gene of O. curzoniae in the GenBank database (Accession No. FJ227464); animals from the other 6 observation sites were identified to be Neodon fuscus, with sequence homology of > 99% to the Cyt b gene of N. fuscus in the GenBank database (Accession No. KU214680, KU214681). At the 6 observation sites of O. curzoniae, the daytime ground activity started at 6 ∶ 46 and ended at 20 ∶ 41 with an activity peak at 9 ∶ 00, 12 ∶ 00, and 17 ∶ 00, the highest at 17 ∶ 00; the activities on the ground included grazing, running, watching, and burrowing, accounting for 45.8% (546/1 192), 33.6% (400/1 192), 16.9% (201/1 192), 2.9% (34/1 192), and 0.9% (11/1 192), respectively. At the 6 observation sites for N. fuscus, the ground activity started at 7 ∶ 18 and ended at 20 ∶ 14 with an activity peak at 9 ∶ 00, 12 ∶ 00, 14 ∶ 00 and 17 ∶ 00, the highest at 9 ∶ 00; the activities on the ground included running, grazing, watching, burrowing, playing, cleaning body, and collecting hay, accounting for 34.2% (131/383), 32.9% (126/383), 19.6% (75/383), 6.3% (24/383), 4.2% (16/383), 1.6% (6/383), and 1.3% (5/383), respectively. Conclusion There are certain differences in the daytime activity of different intermediate host animals of Echinococcus spp. The activity start time, ending time, activity frequency and activity status are different between O. curzoniae and N. fuscus. The O. curzoniae activity started earlier and ended later than N. fuscus. The O. curzoniae animals are more active throughout the day. The N. fuscus animals are more active in the morning than in the afternoon, while the O. curzoniae animals are more active in the afternoon. The N. fuscus animals are more vigilant toward outside than the O. curzoniae animals, which indicated that the O. curzoniae showed higher risk to expose into the predation range of the definitive hosts.