目的 了解江西省信丰县人群华支睾吸虫病知识、态度、行为和影响因素,为制定有针对性的防治措施提供依据。方法 2016年,在信丰县有食生或半生淡水鱼习惯的大塘埠、小河、嘉定、古陂、正平等5个镇的26个村,每村整群抽样至少150名3周岁以上当地居民作为调查对象,开展华支睾吸虫感染基本情况问卷调查。计算人群华支睾吸虫病知识知晓率与食“鱼生”比例。采用χ²检验比较组间率或百分比差异,采用Logistic回归分别对人群知晓率、食“鱼生”比例的相关影响因素进行多因素回归分析。结果 共调查4 033人,华支睾吸虫病知晓率为13.0%（525/4 033）,19.5%（787/4 033）的人群有食“鱼生”史。其中男性知晓率与食“鱼生”比例分别为7.4%（142/1 933）与32.8%（633/1 933）,均高于女性的2.2%（47/2 100）与7.3%（154/2 100）（P < 0.01）。不同年龄组人群知晓率总体随着年龄的增大呈先上升后下降的趋势,30~39岁组最高,为9.8%（30/305）,各年龄组间的差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。人群食“鱼生”比例随着年龄的增大而呈上升趋势,50~59岁组最高,为30.6%（241/787）,各年龄组间的差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。商人、公职人员的知晓率与食“鱼生”比例分别为35.6%（42/118）和45.8%（54/118）,均高于其他各职业（P < 0.01）。不同文化程度人群知晓率与食“鱼生”比例随着文化程度的提高而呈上升趋势,高中及以上学历最高,分别为25.8%（56/217）和32.7%（71/217）（P < 0.01）。Logistic回归分析结果显示,男性华支睾吸虫病知晓率是女性的2.726倍（P < 0.01）,商人、公职人员的知晓率是农民的3.707倍（P < 0.01）,学生的知晓率为农民的0.068倍（P < 0.01）。知晓率随文化程度的提高而升高,高中及以上人群的知晓率是文盲与学龄前儿童的11.609倍（P < 0.01）。男性食“鱼生”行为的发生概率是女性的6.976倍（P < 0.01）,商人、公职人员食“鱼生”行为的发生概率是农民的1.989倍（P < 0.01）。随文化程度的提高,食“鱼生”行为的发生概率也随之上升,初中、高中及以上食“鱼生”行为的发生概率分别是文盲和学龄前儿童的2.076倍（P < 0.01）和1.966倍（P < 0.05）。结论 信丰县人群华支睾吸虫病知晓率总体偏低,男性,商人、公职人员,文化程度较高者华支睾吸虫病的知晓率、食“鱼生”比例均较高,是华支睾吸虫病防治的重点人群。

Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and practice towards clonorchiasis and the influencing factors in Xinfeng Country of Jiangxi Province, in order to provide scientific evidence for formulating pertinent control measures for clonorchiasis. Methods In 2016, at least 150 local residents over 3 years old were cluster sampled from each of 26 villages in 5 towns (Datangbu, Xiaohe, Jiading, Gubei and Zhengping) of Xinfeng County, where the residents have the habit of eating raw or undercooked freshwater fishes. Among them, a questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain basic information concerning C. sinensis infection. The awareness rate of clonorchiasis and the proportion having the habit of eating raw fish were calculated, and analyzed by chi-square test to comparethe rate or proportion between groups. The influencing factors for the awareness rate and the proportion of eating raw fish were analyzed by logistic regression. Results A total of 4 033 residents were participated in the survey. The awareness rate of C. sinensis was 13.0% (525/4 033). Among them, 19.5% (787/4 033) had a history of eating raw fish. The awareness rate and the proportion of eating raw fish in males were 7.4% (142/1 933) and 32.8% (633/1 933), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in females at 2.2% (47/2 100) and 7.3% (154/2 100), respectively (P < 0.01). The awareness rate showed a trend of increasing first then decreasing with ages, which peaked in the age group of 30-39 years (9.8%, 30/305), and displayed significant difference between all age groups (P < 0.01). The proportion of eating raw fish among the residents increased with age, and reached a peak of 30.6% (241/787) in the age group 50-59 years (P < 0.01). The awareness rates and the proportion of eating raw fish among businessmen and public servants were 35.6% (42/118) and 45.8% (54/118), respectively, significantly higher than those of other occupations (P < 0.01). The awareness rate and the proportion of eating raw fish showed a trend of increasing with higher education level, which were highest in the groups with senior middle school and higher education level [25.8%(56/217) and 32.7%(71/217), respectively] (P < 0.01). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the awareness rate in males was 2.726 times that in females (P < 0.01), the awareness rate among businessmen and public servants was 3.707 times that in farmers (P < 0.01), while the awareness rate of students was only 0.068 times of farmers (P < 0.01). The awareness rate increased with higher educational levels, with the rate in the group with senior middle school or higher education level group being 11.609 times that of illiterate and preschool children(P < 0.01). The occurrence probability of eating raw fish behavior in males was 6.976 times that in females (P < 0.01). The occurrence probability of eating raw fish behavior in businessmen and public servants was 1.989 times that in farmers (P < 0.01). The occurrence probability of eating raw fish behavior increased with higher educational level, with rate in the group of junior middle school, senior middle school and technical school education was 2.076-fold (P < 0.01) and 1.966-fold (P < 0.05) of that in the illiterate and preschool children, respectively. Conclusion The awareness rate is generally low in Xinfeng County. Males, businessmen, public servants and those with higher educational levels have higher counts including awareness rate and proportion of eating raw fish behavior, thus they are the main target populations for clonorchiasis control.