目的 分析云南省腾冲市2016-2019年输入性疟疾疫情,为消除疟疾后输入病例监测提供依据。方法 收集2016-2019年腾冲市疟疾疫情信息、疫点调查与处置信息、病例治疗等疟疾防治工作资料,采用Microsoft Excel 2010软件对数据进行整理分析。结果 2016-2019年腾冲市共报告疟疾病例123例,各年分别为55、28、18、22例,均为输入性病例,2019年首次无输入性恶性疟病例报告。报告的输入性病例中,以间日疟为主,为118例（95.93%）,恶性疟5例（4.07%）;各月份均有输入性疟疾病例报告,5-6月报告病例数最多,占输入病例总数的40.65%（50/123）;男性104例,女性19例,男女性别比为5.47 ∶ 1;发病年龄最小3岁,最大63岁,31~40岁年龄组病例最多,占39.02%（48/123）;职业以农民、民工为主,占91.87%（113/123）。感染来源地以缅甸最多,占86.18%（106/123）,其次为老挝,占10.57%（13/123）。实验室确诊率100%（123/123）;确诊机构主要为县级疾病预防控制机构、县级医疗机构,分别占44.71%（55/123）、39.84%（49/123）。从发病到确诊时间中位数为5 d,最长为23 d。经云南省寄生虫病防治所复核,乡（镇）卫生院、县级医疗机构、县级疾控机构诊断符合率分别为86.36%（19/22）、90.74%（49/54）、98.21%（55/56）。24 h内疫情报告率为100%,3 d内流行病学个案调查率为100%（123/123）,7 d内疫点处置率为100%（117/117）。结论 云南省腾冲市输入性疟疾疫情近年呈下降趋势。提高疟疾诊治能力,规范传染源管理,完善病例和蚊媒监测体系,加强外出务工人员健康教育是消除疟疾后输入性疟疾防控的重点。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological status of imported malaria in Tengchong City, Yunnan Province during 2016-2019 and provide reference for surveillance of imported malaria after malaria elimination.Methods Information on malaria endemic status, investigation and management of epidemic foci, and case treatment in Tengchong City during 2016-2019 was collected and analyzed by Microsoft Excel 2010.Results A total of 123 malaria cases were reported in Tengchong City during 2016-2019, including 55, 28, 18 and 22 on each year, and all were imported cases, among them most were vivax malaria (95.93%, 118/123), with a small portion of falciparum malaria (4.07%, 5/123). In 2019, no imported falciparum malaria case was reported for the first time. Imported malaria cases were reported in every month, with the highest number of cases reported in May and June, accounting for 40.65% (50/123) of the total. The reported cases comprised 104 males and 19 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 5.47 ∶ 1; the youngest case were at the age 3, while the eldest at age 63, with the most cases occurred in the age group of 31-40 years (39.02%, 48/123). The occupation distribution showed that farmers and migrant workers were in the majority (91.87%, 113/123). The infection source mostly came from Myanmar (86.18%, 106/123), followed by Laos (10.57%, 13/123). The confirmation rate of laboratory diagnosis was 100% (123/123); the definite diagnosis was made in county disease prevention and control institutions (44.71%, 55/123) and county medical institutions (39.84%, 49/123). The median time from onset to diagnosis was 5 days, with the longest time spent being 23 days. Verified by provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases Prevention and Control, the coincidence rate of diagnosis results with those made by township clinics, county medical settings, and county institute of disease prevention and control were 86.36%, 90.74%, and 98.21%, respectively. The 24 h epidemic reporting rate was 100%, the epidemiological tracing of cases within 3 days was completed by 100% (123/123), and the epidemic site management rate within 7 days was 100% (117/117).Conclusion The imported malaria cases in Tengchong City, Yunnan Province showed a trend of decrease in recent years. The key to control and prevention of imported malaria after malaria elimination includes enhancing the capability in diagnosis and treatment, standardizing the management of infection source, improving the surveillance system for cases and mosquito vectors, and strengthening health education for out-going migrant workers.