中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 801-805.doi: 10.12140/j.issn.1000-7423.2022.06.018

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

2011—2021年河南省输入性三日疟流行病学特征分析

纪鹏慧(), 蒋甜甜, 贺志权, 周瑞敏, 李素华, 杨成运, 钱丹, 刘颖, 王昊, 张红卫()   

  1. 河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南省寄生虫病原与媒介医学重点实验室,河南省传染病病原生物重点实验室,郑州 450016
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-01 修回日期:2022-06-13 出版日期:2022-12-30 发布日期:2022-12-27
  • 通讯作者: 张红卫
  • 作者简介:纪鹏慧(1991-),女,硕士研究生,医师,从事寄生虫病防治和研究工作。E-mail:614936320@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    2021年度河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20210134);2019年度河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20190706)

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of imported quartan malaria in Henan Province from 2011 to 2021

JI Peng-hui(), JIANG Tian-tian, HE Zhi-quan, ZHOU Rui-min, LI Su-hua, YANG Cheng-yun, QIAN Dan, LIU Ying, WANG Hao, ZHANG Hong-wei()   

  1. Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Medical Key Laboratory of Parasitic Pathogen and Vector, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Zhengzhou, 450016, China
  • Received:2022-05-01 Revised:2022-06-13 Online:2022-12-30 Published:2022-12-27
  • Contact: ZHANG Hong-wei
  • Supported by:
    Joint Project of Medical Science and Technology of Henan Province, 2021(LHGJ20210134);Joint Project of Medical Science and Technology of Henan Province, 2019(LHGJ20190706)

摘要:

通过国家传染病报告信息管理系统和寄生虫病防治信息管理系统收集2011—2021年河南省输入性三日疟病例疫情数据和流行病学个案信息,采用描述性流行病学方法对疟疾疫情特征进行分析。结果显示,2011—2021年河南省共报告输入性三日疟60例,其中男性占96.7%(58/60)、女性占3.3%(2/60);多数病例集中在24~47岁年龄组(80.0%,48/60);病例职业以农民居多(53.3%,32/60)。输入性三日疟病例来自非洲17个国家,来自西非、中非、南非和北非的输入性三日疟病例分别占41.7%(25/60)、26.7%(16/60)、30.0%(18/60)和1.7%(1/60);输入病例数较多的来源国家为安哥拉(25.0%,15/60)、刚果(金)(13.3%,8/60)、几内亚(10.0%,6/60)、尼日利亚(10.0%,6/60)和加纳(8.3%,5/60)。2021年三日疟病例报告数占当年输入性疟疾总数比例最高(13.3%,4/30)。60例输入性三日疟病例分布于全省12个市和1个直管县,其中郑州、洛阳、濮阳、许昌和焦作市报告的病例数占全省总报告病例数的73.3%(44/60)。由地(市)级医疗单位、疾病预防控制中心(疾控中心)诊断的病例分别占63.3%(38/60)、11.7%(7/60),由县级医疗单位、疾控中心诊断的病例分别占比3.3%(2/60)、20.0%(12/60),由乡(镇)卫生院诊断的病例占1.7%(1/60)。各级机构诊断疟疾病例数差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 96.042,P < 0.05)。病例从发病到确诊的时间间隔中位数为10.5 d,最短为0 d,最长为142 d。其中38例(63.3%)从发病到确诊的时间间隔≤ 7 d(23例≤ 3 d,15例4~7 d),22例(36.7%)> 7 d。提示河南省在消除疟疾后阶段,应加强对输入性三日疟监测,提高输入性三日疟诊断能力,巩固消除疟疾成果。

关键词: 输入性疟疾, 三日疟, 流行特征, 河南省

Abstract:

The epidemiological data and information on imported quartan malaria cases in Henan Province from 2011 to 2021 were collected through the Chinese Information System for Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention and the Parasitic Diseases Information Reporting Management System (PDIRMS) of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods. A total of 60 imported quartan malaria cases were reported in Henan Province from 2011 to 2021, of which 96.7% (58/60) were males, and 3.3% (2/60) were female. Seventy-eight cases (80.0%) were found in the 24-47 age groups. Most of the cases were farmers (53.3%). All imported cases returned from 17 African countries. The imported cases from West Africa, Central Africa, South Africa and North Africa accounted for 41.7% (25/60), 26.7% (16/60), 30.0% (18/60) and 1.7% (1/60), respectively. The countries where most imported cases returned from are Angola (25.0%, 15/60), Congo (DRC) (13.3%, 8/60), Guinea (10.0%, 6/60), Nigeria (10.0%, 6/60) and Ghana (8.3%, 5/60). The proportion of the quartan malaria cases reported in 2021 to the total number of imported malaria cases in that year was the highest (13.3%, 4/30). The 60 imported quartan malaria cases were distributed in 12 cities and 1 provincial-controlled division. The number of reported cases from Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Puyang, Xuchang and Jiaozuo, accounted for 73.3% (44/60) of the total reported cases in the province. A total of 63.3% (38/60) and 11.7% (7/60) of the imported quartan malaria cases were diagnosed by prefecture (city) level medical units and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), respectively, and 1.7% (1/60) cases were diagnosed by township (town) hospitals. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of malaria cases diagnosed by diagnostic institutions at all levels (χ2 = 96.042, P < 0.05). The median time interval between the onset and the diagnosis was 10.5 days, the shortest was 0 days, and the longest was 142 days. The time interval from onset to diagnosis was ≤ 7 days in 38 cases (63.3%, 38/60) (23 cases ≤ 3 days, 15 cases 4-7 days), and 22 cases (36.7%, 22/60) > 7 days. It is suggested that the surveillance of imported quartan malaria should be strengthened, and the diagnostic ability should be improved to consolidate the elimination achievements in the post-elimination stage in Henan Province.

Key words: Imported malaria, Quartan malaria, Characteristics of prevalence, Henan province

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