中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2018, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 676-678.

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

广东省清新区农村中小学生蛔虫感染的流行病学分析

罗卫强*(), 张雪亮, 周志珊, 李静华, 黎杏如   

  1. 清远市清新区疾病预防控制中心,清远 511800
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-25 出版日期:2018-12-30 发布日期:2019-01-08
  • 通讯作者: 罗卫强

Epidemiology of Ascaris infection in rural primary and middle school students in Qingxin District, Qingyuan City

Wei-qiang LUO*(), Xue-liang ZHANG, Zhi-shan ZHOU, Jing-hua LI, Xing-ru LI   

  1. Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Qingxin District of Qingyuan City, Qingyuan 511800, China
  • Received:2018-04-25 Online:2018-12-30 Published:2019-01-08
  • Contact: Wei-qiang LUO

摘要:

为了解广东省清远市清新区农村中小学生蛔虫感染流行病学特征,于2015-2017年应用分层整群随机抽样方法,选取广东省清远市清新区8个镇30所农村中小学校,对学生采用改良加藤厚涂片法检查粪样中蛔虫虫卵。发放调查问卷,调查学生、家长及老师的生活卫生习惯,以及学校卫生环境和家长的文化程度等,并采用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析感染率的影响因素。结果显示,3 792名农村中小学生中检出感染者116例,感染检出率为3.06%。蛔虫感染检出率呈逐年下降趋势,从2015年的3.68%(46/1 251)降至2017年的2.28%(29/1 272)(P < 0.05);男生感染检出率为3.11%(67/2 153),女生感染检出率为3.24%(59/1 819),两者差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05);山区农村组感染检出率为4.04%(81/2 005),高于郊区农村组的1.78%(35/1 967)(P < 0.01);各年龄组均检出蛔虫感染,以7~9岁组学生感染检出率最高,为5.50%(66/1 201)(P < 0.01);农村小学生感染检出率为4.28%(97/2 264),高于农村中学生的1.11%(19/1 708)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,清新区农村中小学生蛔虫感染检出率与地区、年龄、个人卫生习惯、家中卫生条件、家长文化程度、学校卫生条件、个人卫生检查及健康教育等影响因素有关(P < 0.05)。提示清远市清新区农村中小学生蛔虫感染为低流行趋势,但山区农村组学校中小学生和低年龄组学生的蛔虫感染检出率较高,应列为重点防治人群。

关键词: 农村, 学生, 蛔虫感染, 流行病学

Abstract:

An epidemiological investigation was performed to understand the prevalence and relevant factors of ascaris infection in primary and middle school students in rural areas of Qingyuan. Thirty rural schools in 8 towns of Qingxin District, Qingyuan City, were selected using stratified cluster random sampling method from 2015 to 2017. The fecal samples were collected from students and examined for Ascaris eggs under microscope using modified Kato-Katz thick smear method. In addition, a survey was conducted on the selected students, parents and teachers for their health habits and behaviors, school environment and parents’ education level by issuing a questionnaire and data were analyzed using a multivariate unconditional logistic regression. Results showed that a total of 116 case with ascaris infection were detected among 3 792 students with an average infection rate of 3.06%. The prevalence of ascaris infection was decreasing over the years with 3.68% (46/1 251) in 2015 to 2.28% (29/1 272) in 2017 with statistical significance(P < 0.05). However, the infection difference between the males (3.11%, 67/2 153) and females(3.24%, 59/1 819) was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The infection rate in students living in mountain rural area (4.04%, 81/2 005) was higher than those living in suburb rural area (1.78%, 35/1 967) with statistical difference(P < 0.01). Ascaris infection was detected in all age groups with the highest infection rate among students aged 7 to 9 (5.50%, 66/1 201). The infection rate in primary school students (4.28%, 97/2 264) was higher than that in middle school students (1.11%, 19/1 708). The questionnairing demonstrated that the infection rate among students was associated to the factors such as living area, age, personal hygiene habit, home hygiene condition, parents’ education level, school hygiene condition, health education. The investigation reveals a low ascaris infection rate among students in the District, with higher infection rate in students with age of 7-9 and those living in mountainous areas than those living in suburban areas.

Key words: Countryside, Student, Ascaris infection, Epidemiology

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