中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 2018, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 135-139.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2015年河南省城镇地区人体肠道蠕虫感染现状调查

张雅兰, 朱岩昆, 陈伟奇, 邓艳, 蔺西萌, 李蓬, 张红卫, 许汴利*()   

  1. 河南省疾病预防控制中心,郑州 450016
  • 收稿日期:2017-08-01 出版日期:2018-04-28 发布日期:2018-04-24
  • 通讯作者: 许汴利

Investigation on human intestinal helminth infection in urban areas of Henan Province in 2015

Ya-lan ZHANG, Yan-kun ZHU, Wei-qi CHEN, Yan DENG, Xi-meng LIN, Peng LI, Hong-wei ZHANG, Bian-li XU*()   

  1. Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
  • Received:2017-08-01 Online:2018-04-28 Published:2018-04-24
  • Contact: Bian-li XU

摘要:

目的 了解河南省城镇地区人体肠道蠕虫的感染现状。方法 参考全国第三次人体重点寄生虫病调查方案,于2015年1-5月通过随机整群抽样法抽取河南省安阳、鹤壁、焦作等14个地市的37个县(辖区)的62个居委会作为调查点,采集1岁以上常住居民(居住超过6个月以上)粪样,采用改良加藤厚涂片法检测肠道蠕虫感染情况。对有蛲虫感染的家庭进行聚集性分析。结果 共调查15 893人,总感染率为1.09%(174/15 893),标化感染率为1.08%。查出6种肠道蠕虫,均为轻度感染,未发现混合感染情况。其中,蛲虫感染率最高,为0.92%(147/15 893)(χ2 = 117.648,P < 0.01);蛔虫、钩虫和鞭虫的感染率分别为0.07%(11/15 893)、0.06%(10/15 893)和0.03%(4/15 893);粪类圆线虫和华支睾吸虫的感染率均为0.01%(1/15 893)。14个地市中肠道蠕虫感染率最高的是洛阳市,为3.40%(17/500);最低的是三门峡市,为0.20%(1/501)。男性肠道蠕虫感染率为1.03%(77/7 477),女性为1.15%(97/8 416),差异无统计学意义。60~岁人群肠道蠕虫的感染率最高,为1.64%(31/1 895),不同年龄组人群肠道蠕虫的感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 17.698,P < 0.05);50~岁年龄组感染虫种类型最多,达6种。高中及以上人群的感染率最高,为1.48%(58/3 912),与学龄前儿童的比较差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 8.145,P < 0.01),不同文化程度人群间肠道蠕虫的感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 12.135,P < 0.05)。医务人员肠道蠕虫的感染率最高,为4.76%(10/210),均为蛲虫感染;华支睾吸虫和粪类圆线虫感染仅在农民中发现;不同职业人群的肠道蠕虫感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 34.534,P < 0.05)。147例蛲虫感染者分布在124户家庭,二项分布拟合分析结果显示,蛲虫感染具有家庭聚集性。结论 河南省城镇地区人群蛲虫感染率较高。

关键词: 肠道蠕虫感染, 河南省, 城镇地区, 流行病学调查

Abstract:

Objective To understand the endemic status of intestinal helminth infection in urban residents of Henan Province. Methods According to the protocol of The Third National Survey on Major Human Parasitic Diseases, the random cluster sampling method was used to select 62 residents committees as the survey spots from 37 counties in 14 prefectures, including Anyang, Hebi, Jiaozuo, etc., from January to May, 2015. Fecal samples were collected from residents aged > 1 year and detected by the Kato-Katz thick smear method. Cluster analysis was performed on families with Enterobius vermicularis infection. Results A total of 15 893 residents were examined, the total infection rate was 1.09% (174/15 893), and the standardized rate was 1.08%, 6 species of intestinal helminths were found, all showing light infection. No co-infection cases were found. E. vermicularis had the highest infection rate (0.92%, 147/15 893) (χ2 = 117.648, P < 0.01), followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (0.07%, 11/15 893), Ancylostoma sp. (0.06%, 10/15 893), Trichuris trichiura(0.03%, 4/15 893), and Strongyloides stercoralis as well as Clonorchis sinensis (0.01%, 1/15 893). Among the 14 prefectures, the infection rate was highest in Luoyang (3.40%, 17/500) and lowest in Sanmenxia (0.20%, 1/501). There was no significant difference in the infection rate between males (1.03%, 77/7 477) and females (1.15%, 97/8 416). The population of 60- years had the highest infection rate (1.64%, 1/1 895) (χ2 = 17.698, P < 0.05); the population of 50- years were detected with 6 species, which was the highest among age groups. The population of high school or above had the highest infection rate (1.48%, 58/3 912), significantly differed from preschool children (χ2 = 8.145, P < 0.01). There was a significant difference in infection rate among different educational groups (χ2 = 12.135, P < 0.05). The medical personnel had the highest infection rate (4.76%, 10/210), inclusive of E. vermicularis. C. sinensis and S. stercoralis were only found in farmers. There was a significant difference in infection rate among different occupations (χ2 = 34.534, P < 0.05). A total of 147 cases of E. vermicularis infection were distributed in 124 households, and the results of the binomial distribution shows that the infection of E. vermicularis presented a characteristic of households clustering. Conclusion The infection of E. vermicularis is relatively high in urban areas of Henan Province.

Key words: Helminths, Henan Province, Urban area, Epidemiological investigation

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