中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

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金丝桃素体外抗刚地弓形虫速殖子效果的观察

杨小迪1,孙希萌2,王旗1,崔洁1,计永胜3,薛洪宝4,胡守锋1,苏胖胖1,李江艳1,孟令文1,乔继琛1,丁忆晗1,宋迪1,吴琦1,方强1,陈兴智1*   

  1. 1 蚌埠医学院病原生物学教研室,安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,蚌埠 233030;2 首都医科大学基础医学院人体寄生虫学教研室,北京 100069;3 安徽医科大学病原生物学教研室,安徽省人兽共患病重点实验室,合肥 230032;4 蚌埠医学院化学教研室,蚌埠 233030
  • 出版日期:2016-06-30 发布日期:2016-10-28

In vitro Effect of Hypericin against Toxoplasma gondii Tachyzoites

YANG Xiao-di1, SUN Xi-meng2, WANG Qi1, CUI Jie1, JI Yong-sheng3, XUE Hong-bao4, HU Shou-feng1, SU Pang-pang1, LI Jiang-yan1, MENG Ling-wen1, QIAO Ji-chen1, DING Yi-han1, SONG Di1, WU Qi1, FANG Qiang1, CHEN Xing-zhi1*   

  1. 1 Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China;2 Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;3 Department of Parasitology, Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology & Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China;4 School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu 233030, China
  • Online:2016-06-30 Published:2016-10-28

摘要: 目的 观察金丝桃素对体外培养的刚地弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii)RH株速殖子的杀伤作用,探讨金丝桃素抗弓形虫的效果。 方法 将生理盐水(A组)和终浓度为5 μg/ml(B组)、50 μg/ml(C组)、500 μg/ml(D组)的金丝桃素分别加入含弓形虫速殖子1×106个/孔的24孔培养板中,于2、4、6 h后收集虫体,台盼蓝染色检测速殖子着色率,吉氏染色观察速殖子形态和结构变化,透射电镜观察速殖子超微结构的变化,流式细胞仪检测相同处理的携带黄色荧光蛋白的弓形虫的存活情况。 结果 弓形虫速殖子经不同浓度金丝桃素作用2 h后,B组、C组和D组虫体的台盼蓝着色率分别为(11.0±3.6)%、(25.0±6.3)%和(40.0±2.7)%,D组着色率高于C组和B组(P<0.01),3组均高于A组(6.0±3.0)%,但B组和A组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。作用4 h后,D组着色率为(97.0±2.0)%,高于C组(30.0±7.2)%、B组(20. 0±3.0)%和A组(10.0±1.0)%(P<0.01);作用6 h后,D组着色率为(98.0±1.7)%,亦高于C组(42.7±5.5)%、B组(34.0±6.6)%和A组(19.3±4.9)%,两两比较,各组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。吉氏染色观察发现,随时间的延长和剂量的增高,虫体两端逐渐变圆、肿胀、坏死。透射电镜观察结果显示,随金丝桃素作用时间延长,虫体逐渐肿胀,胞膜与基质间出现明显空隙,虫体内空泡增多、变大,胞膜破裂,内部结构溶解。流式细胞仪检测结果表明,弓形虫速殖子存活率在金丝桃素作用后的各时间段内与对照组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);金丝桃素作用2 h后,D组无弓形虫存活,C组弓形虫存活率为(7.9±1.9)%,低于B组(38.1±5.5)%和A组(81.8±6.0)%(P<0.01);作用4 h后,C组无弓形虫存活;B组在作用4 h和6 h后,弓形虫存活率分别为(14.3±7.9)%和(1.4±1.8)%,均低于A组的(73.8±11.3)%和(64.1±14.4)%(P<0.01)。 结论 金丝桃素具有较强的体外抗弓形虫速殖子效果,且随剂量增高和作用时间延长抗虫效果更明显。

关键词: 金丝桃素, 刚地弓形虫, 速殖子, 体外, 效果

Abstract: Objective To investigate the killing effect of hypericin on tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii RH strain in vitro. Methods Normal saline (group A) and different concentrations of hypericin (5 μg/ml, group B; 50 μg/ml, group C; 500 μg/ml, group D) were added to T. gondii tachyzoites in 24-well plate(1×106/well). The tachyzoites were harvested after 2, 4 and 6 h, and underwent the following treatment: trypan blue staining to calculate the dyeing rate, Giemsa staining to observe the morphological and structural alterations of tachyzoites, and transmission electron microscopy to observe the ultrastructure of tachyzoites. In addition, flow cytometry was performed to calculate the survival rate of YFP-carrying Toxoplasma with the same treatment. Results The trypan blue dyeing rate at 2 h after treatment in groups B, C and D was(11.0±3.6)%, (25.0±6.3)% and(40.0±2.7)% respectively, with a significant difference of group D versus B and C (P<0.01), and groups C and D versus group A [(6.0±3.0)%)]. The dyeing rate at 4 h and 6 h in group D was(97.0±2.0)% and (98.0±1.7)%, respectively, both significantly higher than that of groups C [(30.0±7.2)%, (42.7±5.5)%], B [(20.0±3.0)%, (34.0±6.6)%] and A [(10.0±1.0)%, (19.3±4.9)%](P<0.01). Giemsa staining showed gradual end swelling and necrosis of tachyzoites with increased treatment duration and dosage. Transmission electron microscopy showed swelling of worm body, gap between cell membrane and matrix, increase and enlargement of vacuoles inside worm body, disruption of cell membrane, and dissolving of inner structures, with increased treatment duration. Flow cytometry showed significant difference of tachyzoite survival rate at 2, 4 and 6 h after hypericin treatment with that of the control group(P<0.01). The survival rate of group C at 2 h after hypericin treatment was(7.9±1.9)%, significantly lower than that of groups B [(38.1±5.5)%] and A [(81.8±6.0)%] (P<0.01). No tachyzoite was found to survive in group D at 2 h and in group C at 4 h. The survival rate of group B at 4 and 6 h after hypericin treatment was(14.3±7.9)% and (1.4±1.8)%, respectively, both significantly lower than that of group A[(73.8±11.3)% and(64.1±14.4)%, respectively] (P<0.01). Conclusion Hypericin has a remarkable killing effect on T. gondii tachyzoites, and the efficacy positively correlates with the dose and treatment duration.

Key words: Hypericin, Toxoplasma gondii, Tachyzoites, In vitro, Effect