关键词: 藏区, 棘球蚴病, 健康教育, 需求, 效果评价

Abstract:  Objective   To find an effective strategy of implementing health education in Tibetan Regions so as to make echinococcosis control sustainable at a large scale.  Methods   During July to November of 2008, surveys were conducted on health education requirements among various populations in the form of questionnaire and group discussion in endemic areas of echinococcosis in three counties of the Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan. Based on the obtained results，health education materials suitable for different populations were designed. The materials were applied for conducting health education in field at Tagong Township, Kangding of Ganzi in October, 2009. By the survey in May, 2010，the improved effect on knowledge and behavior change was compared before and after (6 months later) health education in order to assess the usefulness of these materials. Simultaneously, Xinduqiao Township of Kangding was selected as control. This town is neighboring to the study area with similar natural and demographic conditions, in which no health education activities related to the study was implemented.  Results   Various populations showed their interested requirements for health education materials and ways. Based on the information collected，a series of materials were designed and applied for health education activities in field. The results indicated that，compared with the data before health education，improvement of the knowledge and behaviors against echinococcosis among students and local residents showed significant increase (P<0.05)，but only one knowledge point about the importance of washing hands before meal among students showed no significant difference (P>0.05) in spite of the rates increasing from 88.6% (78/88) before health education to 95.5%(84/88) after education. The local officers and monks also showed to some extent improvement on behavior manners. The rate of correct treatment of livestock viscera increased from 37.1%（13/35）and 30.3%（10/33）before the education to 82.9%(29/35） and 78.8%(26/33）(P<0.01)，while the rate of not feeding stray dogs  among monks was 6.4% (3/47) before and 10.6% (5/47)(P>0.05) after the education. The knowledge-increasing and behavior-improving rates on playing dogs among the students，residents and monks increased by 18.2% and 19.3%，42.8% and 54.3%，6.4% and 14.9%，respectively. There was no considerable change in the control township.     Conclusion   The materials designed for health education are acceptable by most populations. The improvement rate of knowledge and behaviors is considerable among the groups. Use of the materials receives expected effect on health education and health promotion.

Key words: Tibetan region, Echinococcosis, Health education, Requirement, Assessment