中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 ›› 1999, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (1): 1-4.

• 论著 •    下一篇

采用加强传染源防治结合健康教育的新对策控制海南山区疟疾的试点研究

陈文江 1;吴开琛2;林明和3;汤林华2;顾政诚2;王善青1;蓝昌雄 1;蓝秀汉1;李海平3;黄明珊4;陈雄4;盛慧锋 2
  

  1. 1 海南省热带病防治研究所 海口 5702032 中国预防医学科学院寄生虫病研究所 上海 2000253 海南省万宁市卫生防疫站 万城 5715004 海南省万宁市南桥乡卫生院 南桥 571531
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1999-02-28 发布日期:1999-02-28

A PILOT STUDY ON MALARIA CONTROL BY USING A NEW STRATEGY OF COMBINING STRENGTHENING INFECTION SOURCE TREATMENT AND HEALTH EDUCATION IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS OF HAINAN PROVINCE *

CHEN Wenjiang 1;WU Kaichen 2;LIN Minghe 3;TANG Linhua 2;GU Zhengcheng 2;WANG Shanqing 1;LAN Changxiong 1;LAN Xiuhan 1;LI Haiping 3;HUANG Mingsan 4;CHEN Xiong 4;SHENG Huifeng 2;   

  1. 1 H ainan P rov incial Institu te of T rop ical D iseases, H aikou 5702032 Institu te of P arasitic D iseases, Ch inese A cad emy of P reventiveM ed icine, S hang hai 2000253 S anitary and A nti2ep id em ic P revention S tation of W anning C ity , H ainan P rov ince,W ancheng  5715004 H ealth Centre of N anqiao T ow nsh ip of W anning C ity , H ainan P rov ince,N anqiao 571531
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1999-02-28 Published:1999-02-28

摘要:   目的:探索与当前的流行病学条件相适应,并符合现代医学模式以及费用-效益原则的新的疟疾防治对策。方法:新的防治对策以高危村和高危人群为重点,结合健康教育和行为干预的综合性措施,包括:在高危村进行健康教育,对高危村和曾在山上住宿的高危人群进行集体药物治疗,对疟疾病例进行追踪治疗,但不采用传统的杀虫剂喷洒或浸泡蚊帐。结果:采取新的防治对策措施后群众的疟疾知识、蚊帐使用率和治疗依从性有所提高,各项疟疾指数迅速下降至较低水平。全乡的年疟疾带虫发病率从1994年的3.5%下降至1996年的1.1%和1997年的0.8%;恶性疟带虫发病率从1.0%分别下降至0.3%和0.3%;疟原虫率从1995年5月的7.2%下降至1996年11月的2.1%和1997年10月的1.2%,其中恶性疟原虫率则从1.2%下降至0.1%;没有疟疾病例的村比例从18.6%上升到54.2%,发病率大于5%的高危村从14个减少至2个;费用-效益比率1995~1996年为1∶2.4,1997年为1∶4.4。结论:试点研究达到了预期效果,从而为进一步控制海南山区的疟疾提供了新的经验

关键词: 疟疾, 防治对策, 健康教育, 行为干预

Abstract:  AIM: To explore a new malaria control strategy that fits current epiodemiological condition and coincides with modern medicine model and the principle of cost benefit.METHODS: The new strategy highlights the risk villages and risk population as the focal point and integrates health education with behavioral intervention. The main anti malaria measures consists of carrying out health education in risk villages, giving mass drug administrations in risk population staying overnight in the mountain, following up malaria cases for implementing radical cure,but without using traditional residual spraying or impregnating bednets with insecticides. RESULTS: After having adopted the new strategy and taken the control measures, the peoples knowledge about malaria increased to a higher level and the indices of malaria reduced to a lower level. The rate of bednet using in the population was increased from 26 8% to 72 6%.The annual parasite incidence (API) of malaria was declined from 3 5% in 1994 to 1 1% in 1996 and 0 8% in 1997, and the API of falciparum malaria was declined from 1 0% to 0 3% and 0 3% respectively in the townships at the same time. The parasite rate(PR) of malaria was declined from 7 2% in May, 1995 to 2 1% in November ,1996 and 1 2% in October,1997 and the PR of falciparum malaria was declined from 1 2% in May, 1995 to 0 1% in October,1997. The proportion of villages without malaria cases was increased from 18 6% in 1994 to 54 2% in 1997,and the number of risk villages with a malaria incidence above 5% was reduced from 14 to 2 at the same time. The ratio of cost/benefit was 1∶2 4 in 1995~1996 and 1∶4 4 in 1997, showing a better economic benefit.CONCLUSION: The expectant result has been obtained, thereby providing new experience for the malaria control in the mountainous areas of Hainan Province.

Key words: Malaria, control strategy, health education, behavioral intervention